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Ethics > (M) Part III, L2: Virtue Ethics > Flashcards

(M) Part III, L2: Virtue Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

T or F. Plato believed that if one knows what the good is, one will always do what is good.

A

F (Socrates)

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2
Q

T or F. According to Socrates, if one truly understands the meaning of courage, self-control, or justice, one will not act in a courageous, self-controlled and just manner.

A

F (will act)

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3
Q

He maintains a virtue-based eudaemonistic
conception of ethics.

A

Plato

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4
Q

What does eudaimonia mean?

A

Happiness and well-being

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4
Q

In ethics and moral psychology, he developed the
view that the good life requires not just a certain
kind of knowledge

A

Plato

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5
Q

T or F. Aquinas follows Socrates and Plato in taking the virtues to be central to a well-lived life.

A

F (Aristotle)

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6
Q

T or F. Aristotle regards the ethical virtues as complex rational, emotional and social skills.

A

T

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7
Q

T or F. Aristotle agrees with plato’s idea.

A

F

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8
Q

He focuses on virtue, recommending the virtuous
way of life by its relation to happiness.

A

Aristotle

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9
Q

He is an angelic doctor and prince of scholarstics

A

Thomas Aquinas

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10
Q

T or F. Plato is an Italian philosopher and theologian in medieval time.

A

F (Aquinas)

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11
Q

Who believes that all actions are directed towards
ends and that is happiness is the final end

A

Aquinas

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12
Q

T or F. Aquinas states that true happiness is to be found only in the souls of the earth.

A

F (the blessed in heaven)

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13
Q

His ethics heavily depend on Aristotle

A

Aquinas

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14
Q

The rational plan of God by which all creation is
ordered

A

Eternal Law

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15
Q

It is the rational pattern of the universe that exists into God’s mind that directs everything in the universe to its appointed end.

A

Eternal Law

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16
Q

This law is accessible to human reason

A

natural law

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17
Q

This relates to human conduct in which the ordinance of natural reason is for the common good

A

Natural law

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18
Q

This refers to positive laws. It spells out what the natural laws prescribe as it gives precise and positive rules into the society such as civil and criminal laws formulated through practical reason and moral laws.

A

Human law

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19
Q

The Law of revelation; Disclosed through the sacred text or Scriptures and the Church directed towards the man’s eternal end.

A

Divine law

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20
Q

3 SETS OF INCLINATIONS of the Divine law

A
  1. To survive
  2. To reproduce and educate offspring
  3. To know the truth about God and to live
    peacefully in society.
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21
Q

Features of Human Actions according to Aquinas

A

Species, Accident, End

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22
Q

The action referring to its kind or simply the object of the action known as the human deeds which are divided into 3 aspects which are good, neutral, bad.

A

species

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23
Q

The action made referring to the circumstances “In ethically evaluating action, where action takes place is also considered as an act might be flawed through its circumstances. “

A

Accidents

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24
Q

The intention of the action.

A

End

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25
Q

T or F. “Happiness is equated with pleasure, material possessions, honor, or any sensual good, but consists in activities in accordance
with virtue.”

A

F (not)

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26
Q

Involve in consistent deliberate effort to do an
act time and again and despite obstructions.

A

Acquired habits

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27
Q

Independent of this process as they are
directly instilled by God in our faculties.

A

INFUSED HABITS

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28
Q

Two kinds of INFUSED HABITS

A

Moral and theological virtues

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28
Q

Two kinds of INFUSED HABITS

A

Moral and theological virtues

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29
Q

Who holds that the goodness or badness of an action lies in the interior act of will, the external bodily act, the very nature of the act o and its consequences?

A

Aquinas

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30
Q

T or F. According to papi Aquinas what matters in morality is not what you do, but your intention in doing the act.

A

T

31
Q

T or F. Aquinas is more of a utilitarian than a deontologist or Kantian.

A

F (opposite)

32
Q

He is a virtue ethicist, like Aristotle

A

Aquinas

33
Q

T or F. Aquinas rejects the belief that there are no universally true general principles of morality.

A

T

34
Q

T or F. Aquinas is against some contemporary moral philosophies due to his notion of the Natural Law

A

T

35
Q

He believes that some basic principles about morality are knowable by all, which makes
him against absolute skepticism about value.

A

Aquinas

36
Q

What ethics encourages us to do good, avoid evil, pursue knowledge, and live at peace with our
neighbors.

A

Thomistic Ethics

37
Q

He promotes Aristotle’s positive depictions of
the world as rational, humane, and ordered

A

Thomistic Ethics

38
Q

a moral philosophy that teaches an action is right if it is an action that a virtuous person would perform

A

Virtue Ethics

39
Q

Someone who acts virtuously

A

Virtous person

40
Q

A moral characteristic that an individual needs to live well

A

Virtue

41
Q

puts emphasis on developing good habits of character and avoiding bad character traits or vices

A

Virtue Ethics

42
Q

Virtue ethics defines this as someone who develops the virtues and unfailingly displays them over some time.

A

Moral person

43
Q

Cardinal virtues of ancient Greeks

A

wisdom
courage
moderation
justice

44
Q

What does Christian teaching recommends

A

faith
hope
charity
love

45
Q

He indicates that pleasure and pain fail to provide an objective standard for determining moral from immoral

A

Socrates

46
Q

What is the central to Plato’s philosophy?

A

theory of Forms

47
Q

the objectively existing immaterial entities that are the proper object of knowledge

A

theory of Forms

48
Q

For him, those who comprehend the Good will always do good actions. Bad actions are performed out of not knowing the Good

A

Plato

49
Q

What are the three general descriptions that are used to depict Aristotle’s ethics?

A

self-realizationism
eudaimonistic
aretaic

50
Q

In Aristotle’s philosophy, it is when someone acts in line with his nature or end (telos) and thus realizes his full potential

A

Self-realizationism

51
Q

In Aristotle’s philosophy, it focuses on happiness or the good for man and how to obtain it

A

Eudamonistic

52
Q

In Aristotle’s philosophy, it is the virtue-based defined as what should a person struggle to become

A

Aretaic

53
Q

Defined as the end or purpose

A

Aristotle’s Telos

54
Q

He believes that the essence of humans lay not at their cause (or beginning) but at their end

A

Aristotle

55
Q

Aristotle means those which the person with wisdom would choose because what is good is obvious to such a person

A

Virtuous actions

56
Q

Aristotle believes that this is the ultimate human goal

A

Self-realization

57
Q

What are the three natures of man according to Aristotle?

A

Vegetable (physical), animal (emotional), and rational (mental)

58
Q

According to him, the purpose of studying ethics is to make ourselves good

A

Aristotle

59
Q

According to Aristotle. human good is?

A

Eudaimonia

60
Q

This refers to the greatest good of all time which is happiness

A

Summum bonum

61
Q

According to Aristotle, happiness should also be understood in the sense of ______

A

Human flourishing

62
Q

This word is usd to refer to moral virtue; an active state, a condition in which something must actively hold itself

A

Hexis

63
Q

What are the two kinds of virtue according to Aristotle?

A

Virtues of intellect
Moral virtues

64
Q

Refers to the fully rational part of the soul, the intellect

A

Virtues of intellect

65
Q

Part of the rational soul which can obey reason; an expression of character formed by habits, reflecting repeated choices

A

Moral virtues

66
Q

Moral virtues is also called?

A

Virtue of character

67
Q

Excess and defect nornamlly indicate a ?

A

Vice

68
Q

Moral virtue is the ______ between the two less desirable extremes

A

Golden mean

69
Q

What are the four basic moral virtues according to Aristotle?

A

courage
temperance
justice
prudence

70
Q

the golden mean between cowardice and tactless rashness

A

Courage

71
Q

the mean between gluttony and extreme frugality

A

temperance

72
Q

the virtue of giving others right what they deserve, neither more or less

A

Justice

73
Q

this enables us to keep away from excess and defect

A

prudence or wisdom

74
Q

the intellectual virtue of practical wisdom, the kind of moral knowledge which guides us to what is appropriate in conjunction with moral virtue

A

phronesis

75
Q

a grasp of the appropriate way to respond – to feel and act – in a particular situation

A

phronesis or practical wisdom

76
Q

T or F; to be virtuous is to act in accordance with the right prescription

A

True

Ethics (15 decks)

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