(M) Part III, L3: Kant and Rights Theory

Question 1

He rejects that ethical judgements are based on feelings

Answer 1

Kant

Question 2

For him, feelings serve as obstructions to our discernment of right and wrong; he bases moral judgements on reason alone.

Answer 2

Kant

Question 3

According to Kant, when we consult to _____ when we determine the moral stats of an action

Answer 3

Reason

Question 4

For Kant, this is the highest good and the condition of all other goods

Answer 4

Good will

Question 5

What is Kantian Ethics? Deontological or teleological?

Answer 5

Deontological

Question 6

Feeling that pushes to select a particular option or make a particular decision

Answer 6

Inclination

Question 7

In Kantian Ethics, it is what we ought to do despite our inclination or taste to do something

Answer 7

Duty or obligation

Question 8

To perform an act for fear of undesirable consequences of no t doin it

Answer 8

Prudence (To act from a sense of prudence)

Question 9

General rule or principles which serves as a guide to action

Answer 9

Maxim

Question 10

T or F; not not all maxims are moral maxims

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the two maxims according to Kant?

Answer 11

Hypothetical imperative and Categorical imperative

Question 12

Understood as a command of reason

Answer 12

Imperative

Question 13

Entails being true only under some conditions and therefore not universally true or valid

Answer 13

Hypothetical

Question 14

Refers to how reason orders one to achieve one’s specific ends

Answer 14

Hypothetical imperative

Question 15

T or F; an hypothetical imperative is accepted based on its merit

Answer 15

False

Question 16

T or F; Hypothetical imperative is both the contingent and derivative

Answer 16

True

Question 17

“No matter what end you desire to attain, act in such-and-such a way”

Answer 17

Categorical imperative

Question 18

Binding in all agents, in all circumstances, at all times.

Answer 18

Categorical imperative

Question 19

“Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law”

Answer 19

Universalizability

Question 20

MORALITY is essentially connected with DUTIES
and OBLIGATIONS

Answer 20

Kantian Ethics

Question 21

it is our liking or tendency to do, favor, or want
something

Answer 21

Incination

Question 22

Type of imperative; It is one’s duty, as rational being, to act on principle or maxim, as contrasted to simply acting on impulse

Answer 22

Categorical imperative

Question 23

An example of this is : a man wants to financially help a certain lady who is in need, MERELY, because he likes her personally

Answer 23

Acting on impulse (Categorical imperative)

Question 24

T or F; Kant is concerned with maxims that are not moral, that is, those dictated by reason and thus have imperative force

Answer 24

False (moral)

Question 25

It directs one to behave in certain manners on the condition that one seeks specified goals

Answer 25

Hypothetical imperative

Question 26

Two characteristics of hypothetical imperative

Answer 26

Contingent/conditional and derivative

Question 27

Characteristics of hypothetical imperative; Because circumstances are imaginable where studying hard would still not result in passing, and in such situations, the maxim may no longer be accepted

Answer 27

Contingent/conditional

Question 28

Characteristics of hypothetical imperative; Because acceptance of it depends on one’s wish to pass; if one does not want to pass, the principle may be ignored

Answer 28

Derivative

Question 29

It commands a person to act in particular ways regardless of what goals one looks for or what one’s ends may be

Answer 29

Categorical imperative

Question 30

It demands action without qualification, without any ifs, and without regard to the consequence such an act may produce

Answer 30

Categorical imperative

Question 31

T or F; Unlike hypothetical imperative, categorical imperative is not accepted on its own merits

Answer 31

False

Question 32

It serves as the barometer of reason determining whether or not an action qualifies as ethical

Answer 32

Categorical imperative

Question 33

Most famous formulation of the categorical imperative

Answer 33

Universalizability

Question 34

A person ought always to behave as if his course of conduct were to become a universal code of behavior

Answer 34

Universalizability

Question 35

“Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law”.

Answer 35

Univesalizability

Question 36

States “So act as to use humanity, both in your own person and in the person of every other, always at the same time as an end, never simply as a means.”

Answer 36

End-in-itself

Question 37

This rendition teaches, among other things, to respect persons as ends in themselves and not only as means or instruments to further self-interest

Answer 37

End-in-itself

Question 38

T or F; Another shortcoming of Kant’s ethics is its lack of solution to instances when there is conflict of duties

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T or F; Kant appears consistent

Answer 39

False (inconsistent)

Question 40

He saw a distinctive correlation and difference between the intent of the law and the enforcement of law

Answer 40

Immanuel Kant

Question 41

When applied to war, this states that in order for a war to be deemed morally justifiable, the intention of entering into war ought to be right in relation to human rights

Answer 41

Rights Theory

Question 42

broad moral theory in which Kant’s principle of rights theory is included

Answer 42

Rights-based Ethics

Question 43

“There are some rights, both positive and negative, that all humans have based only on the fact that they are human"

Answer 43

Rights-based theory

Question 44

is one of the main supporters of this system which takes the viewpoint of what the ideal world looks like and generates a rights system based on those ideas

Answer 44

John Locke

Question 45

“justified claim that individuals and groups can make upon other individuals or upon society, to have a right is to be in a position to determine by one’s choices, what other should do or need nor do”

Answer 45

Right

Question 46

T or F; Rights cannot be legal in nature, or pertain to human rights or moral rights

Answer 46

False

Question 47

Rights; refer to what ought to be

Answer 47

Moral rights

Question 48

Rights; refers to rights that are ‘on the books’

Answer 48

Legal rights

Question 49

Rights; embody the conventional positive law

Answer 49

Legal rights

Question 50

Rights; represent the natural law

Answer 50

Moral rights

Question 51

Denote all the rights found within existing legal codes

Answer 51

Legal Rights

Question 52

Rights; Questions to their existence can be resolved by just locating the pertinent legal instrument or piece of legislation

Answer 52

Legal Rights

Question 53

Rights; Does not exist prior to its passing into the law and the limits of its validity are set by the jurisdiction of the body which passed its legislation

Answer 53

Legal Rights

Question 54

Are rights that “exist prior to and independently from their legal counterparts”

Answer 54

Moral Rights

Question 55

T or F; It must be clear that human rights can be reduced to, or exclusively identified with legal rights

Answer 55

False (cannot)

Question 56

T or F; Legal rights are meant to apply to all human beings universally, regardless of whether or not they have attained legal recognition by all countries everywhere

Answer 56

Fasle (Human rights)

Question 57

T or F; Human rights are best thought of as being BOTH moral and legal rights

Answer 57

True