oxygenation ch 41

Question 1

right ventricle

Answer 1

pumps deoxygenated blood through pulmonary circulation

Question 2

left ventricle

Answer 2

pumps oxygenated blood through systemic circulation

Question 3

stroke volume

Answer 3

volume of blood ejected from ventricles during systole

Question 4

ventricular diastole

Answer 4

av (mitral and tricuspid) valves open and blood flows from atria to ventricles

Question 5

systole

Answer 5

ventricular pressure rises and closes mitral and tricuspid valves and opens aortic and pulmonary valves
-first heart sound (S1)

Question 6

S2

Answer 6

second heart sound of aortic and pulmonry valves closing

Question 7

atelectasis

Answer 7

collapse of alveoli that prevents normal exchange of O2 and CO2

• cough and deep breathing
• noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV)
• –cpap, bipap

Question 8

hypoventilation

Answer 8

• aveolar ventilation is inadequate to meet oxygen demand of the body or to eliminate suffient CO2.
• can destroy the stimulus to breathe and can lead to respiratory acidosis or respiratory arrest
• mental status changes, dysrhythmias, convulsions, unconsciousness, death

Question 9

hyperventilation

Answer 9

• lungs remove CO2 faster than produced by cellular metabolism
• can develop respiratory alkalosis
• rapid resp, sighing breaths, numbness/tingling in hands/feet, light-headedness, and loss of unconsciousness

Question 10

hypoxemia

Answer 10

• inadequate tissue oxygenation at the cellular level
• central cyanosis
• pt unable to lie flat and is fatigued and agitated

Question 11

physical factors affecting oxygenation

Answer 11

1. decreased oxygen-carrying capacity
2. hypovolemia
3. decreased inspired O2 concentration (FiO2)
4. increased metabolic rate

Question 12

interventions used to promote oxygenation

Answer 12

1. ambulation
2. positioning (45-degree semi-fowler’s)
3. incentive spirometry (promotes deep breathing and prevents atelectasis)
4. invasive mechanical ventilation
5. noninvasive ventilation (CPAP)

Question 13

directed coughing

Answer 13

deliberate maeuver that removes secretions from upper and lower airways

Question 14

diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 14

deep breathing to increase air to lower lungs

Question 15

Oxygen delivery system

Answer 15

Nasal cannula 1-6
Simple face mask 6-12
Partial and non rebreather mask 10-15
High flow- Venturi mask