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Nursing Concepts > Oxygenation > Flashcards

Oxygenation Flashcards

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1
Q

condition in which the patient must be in an upright position to breathe

A

Orthopnea

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2
Q

breathlessness

A

Dyspnea

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3
Q

abnormal breath sounds

A

Adventitious Sounds

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4
Q

when auscultating lungs, a high-pitched, short, interrupted crackle sound heard during end of inspiration (not cleared with coughing) CAUSED BY random, sudden inflation of groups of alveoli or a disruptive passage of air through the small airways…most commonlt heard in dependent lobes, right & left lung bases

A

Crackles

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5
Q

when auscultating lungs, a loud, low-pitched, rumbling coarse sound heard either during expiration or inspiration (may be cleared by coughing) CAUSED BY muscular spasm, fluid, or mucus in larger airways, new growth or external pressure…most commonly heard over trachea & bronchi but if loud enough, can be heard over most of lung field

A

Ronchi

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6
Q

when auscultating lungs, a high-pitched, continuous musical sound such as a squeak heard continuously during inspiration or expiration, usually louder on expiration CAUSED BY high velocity airflow through severely narrowed or obstructed airways…most commonly heard all over lung field

A

Wheezes

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7
Q

primary function of the lungs: the movement of air in & out of the lungs

A

Ventilation

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8
Q

primary function of the lungs: the movement of gasses between air spaces & bloodstream

A

Diffusion

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9
Q

the exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide during cellular metabolism

A

Respiration

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10
Q

the movement of blood into & out of the lungs to the organs & tissues of the body

A

Perfusion

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11
Q

the amount of oxygen entering the the body

A

Oxygenation

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12
Q

inadequate tissue oxygenation with a deficiency in oxygen delivery or oxygen utilization at the cellular level

A

Hypoxia

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13
Q

the abnormal deficiency in the concentration of oxygen in arterial blood, a low partial pressure of oxygen

A

Hypoxemia

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14
Q

condition that occurs when ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demands of the body or to eliminate carbon dioxide

A

Hypoventilation

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15
Q

an increase in the respiratory rate, resulting in excess amount of carbon dioxide elimination

A

Hyperventilation

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16
Q

Factors Affecting Oxygenation

A

(1) decreased oxygen-carrying capacity (2) decreased inspired oxygen concentration (3) increased metabolic rate (4) conditions affecting chest wall movement

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17
Q

collapse of alveoli preventing the normal respiratory exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide

A

Atelectasis

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18
Q

Condition Affecting Chest Wall Movement

A

(1) musculoskeletal abnormalities (2) nervous system diseases (3) trauma

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19
Q

chemical in the lung that maintains the integrity of the alveoli, keeping them dry & preventing alveolar damage

A

Surfactant

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20
Q

Lifestyle Factors that Affect Cardiopulmonary Function

A

Nutrition, Hydration, Exercise, Cigarette Smoking, Substance Abuse, Stress

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21
Q

Items to Assess During Nursing History of Cardiopulmonary Function

A

Risk Factors, Fatigue, Pain, Breathing Pattern, Cough, Respiratory Infections, Medication Use

22
Q

bloody sputum

A

Hemoptysis

23
Q

process that uses the aerosol principle to suspend a maximum number of water drops or particles of the desired size in inspired air…improves clearance

A

Nebulization

24
Q

a collection of air or other gas in the plueral space

A

Pneumothorax

25
Q

any muscle that is recruited to increase ventilation by patients with labored breathing

A

Accessory Muscle

26
Q

small, hollow air sac of the lung

A

Alveoli

27
Q

temporary cessation of breathing & therefore, the body’s intake of oxygen & release of carbon dioxide

A

Apnea

28
Q

abnormally slow breathing

A

Bradypnea

29
Q

tubular, hollow breath sounds heard when auscultating over large airways i.e. 2nd & 3rd intercostal spaces

A

Bronchial Breath Sounds

30
Q

a drug that expands the bronchi by relaxing the bronchial muscle

A

Bronchodilator

31
Q

pertaining to bronchial tubes & alveoli with special reference to sounds intermediate between bronchial or tracheal sounds & vesicular sounds

A

Bronchovesicular

32
Q

a blue, gray, slate or dark purple discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes caused by deoxygenated or reduced hemoglobin in the blood

A

Cyanosis

33
Q

a catheter inserted into the trachea to provide or protect an airway

A

Endotracheal Tube

34
Q

the act or process of spitting out saliva or coughing up materials from the air passageways leading to the lungs…the expulsion of mucus or phlegm from the throat or lungs

A

Expectorate

35
Q

expulsion of air from the lungs in breathing…exhaling

A

Expiration

36
Q

inhalation…drawing air into the lungs

A

Inspiration

37
Q

device used to encourage voluntary deep breathing by providing visual feedback to patients of the inspiratory volume they have acheived

A

Incentive Spirometer

38
Q

device designed to deliver a measured dose of an inhaltion drug

A

Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI)

39
Q

device used to deliver supplemental oxygen or airflow to a patient in need of respiratory help

A

Nasal Cannula

40
Q

a device used in medical emergencies in which a patient need oxygen therapy but can breath unassisted…allows for higher dose oxygen than a nasal cannula

A

Non Rebreather Mask

41
Q

condition in which excess fluid builds up in the fluid-filled cavity surrounding the lungs

A

Pleural Effusion

42
Q

a photosensor with two light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of differing wavelengths that measure the combined absorption of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin (indirect measurement of O2 saturation)

A

Pulse Oximeter

43
Q

mucus coughed up from the lower airways

A

Sputum

44
Q

abnormally rapid rate of breathing

A

Tachypnea

45
Q

volume representing the normal amount of air displaced between inhalation & exhalation when extra effort is not applied

A

Tidal Volume

46
Q

procedure of entering the pleural cavity & aspirating fluid (usually performed at bedside)

A

Thoracentisis

47
Q

an artificial opening made in the neck to provide an airway

A

Tracheostomy

48
Q

normal, soft, low-pitched breath sounds with a rustling quality during inspiration, softer during expiration

A

Vesicular Breath Sounds

49
Q

the movement of blood into & out of the lungs to the organs & tissues of the body (supported by the heart)

A

Perfusion

50
Q

The Normal Electrical Pathway of the Heart

A

SA node—>across the atria—>AV node—>Bundle of His—>Purkinje fibers—>ventricles

51
Q

resistance of the ejection of blood from the left ventricle

A

Afterload

52
Q

amount of blood at end of ventricular diastole or measured as end-diastolic pressure

A

Preload

Nursing Concepts (16 decks)

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