Overview of the structure of the organism Flashcards
Name the 6 levels of structural organisation within the human body and explain how they are related
- Chemical (atoms)
- Cell Level (molecules -DNA)
3.Tissue Level
4.Organ Level
5.System Level - Organismal level
Recognise the 11 body systems and know the major functions of each system
Integumentary (Skin); Skeletal (Skeleton); Muscular (Muscles); Lymphatic (Arteries/Nerves); Circulatory (Blood); Nervous (Nerves);
Endocrine (Glands that produce hormones); Reproductive; Respiratory; Digestive; Urinary
What is the acronym
SMICL NURRED
Define homeostasis and explain its significance to survival
An organism has the ability to maintain a stable internal environment. Sig = allow it to adapt and to survive in the face of a changing and often hostile external environment.
Homeostatic Regulation involves ___
Nervous System & Endocrine System
Define negative feedback and its role in homeostasis
Act to oppose the stimulus, or cue, that triggers them.
A negative feedback loop is a biological response in which the effects of a reaction slow or stop that reaction.
- ensuring that the systems of the body are in a constant state of equilibrium
Know the elements of a homeostatic control system and the role of each
Homeostatic control mechanisms have at least three interdependent components: a receptor, integrating center/control centre, and effector
Effector
Returns the monitored value within limits of normal range
Receptor
Sensor = monitors the environment stimuli and detects change
Control Centre
Integrates information from receptor
Distinguish organic from inorganic compounds
Organic Compounds consist of carbon whereas inorganic don’t have it
Differentiate fibrous proteins from globular proteins
Fibrous proteins are long, strand-like proteins that are insoluble in water, weak acids, and weak bases, whereas globular proteins have a spherical shape and are soluble in water, acids, and bases.
Differentiate a salt, an acid and a base
Salt = Neutral
Acid = pH is lower = H+ conc higher
Base = pH higher = OH- higher
Explain the importance of buffers in regulation of pH of body fluids and tissues the 6 levels of organisation within the human body
Minimises the effect for the pH change
DNA =
Nucleotides
