Epithelial Tissue Study

Question 1

Name the four major tissue types

Answer 1

Epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle tissues

Question 2

What are the first classifications of Epithelia?

Answer 2

The classification by cell arrangement are simple epithelium and stratified epithelium.

Question 3

What is simple epithelium?

Answer 3

Simple = one layer of cells

Question 4

What is stratified epithelium?

Answer 4

Stratified = more than one cell layer

Question 5

What are the second classifications for epithelia?

Answer 5

• Squamous (fish scale shape)
• Cuboidal (cube shaped)
  -Columnar (column)

Question 6

What is simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 6

Single layer of thin squamous cells resting on the basement membrane (fit together like floor tiles)

Question 7

What do simple squamous epithelium form?

Answer 7

• Form serous membranes
• Forms the walls of the capillaries
• Is in the air saces of the lungs

Question 8

What are simple cuboidal epithelium?

Answer 8

One layer of cuboidal cells on a basement membrane, found in glands and ducts
+ forms walls of kidney tubules

Question 9

What are simple columnar epithelium?

Answer 9

Made up of single layer of tall cells that fit closely together and whose nuclear appear in a straight line
- Goblet cells are often seen here

Question 10

What are epithelial membranes that line body cavities to the body exterior called?

Answer 10

Mucosae or mucous membranes

Question 11

What are pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Answer 11

Cells that essentially have combination of longer & shorter cells = gives a false impression

Question 12

What is the transitional epithelium?

Answer 12

Highly modified stratified squamous - forms the lining of urinary bladder, ureters and urethra.
- All organs are subject to considerate stretching

Question 13

What does the term secretion mean?

Answer 13

Secretion indicates an active process in which the glandular cells obtain needed materials from the blood and use them to make products, which they then discharge by exocytosis.

Question 13

How are endocrine glands relevant

Answer 13

Ductless glands - their hormones diffuse directly into the blood vessels that wave through the glands - thyroid, adrenals, pituitary

Question 13

What are the 2 major glands that develop from epithelial sheets?

Answer 13

Endocrine and Exocrine

Question 14

What is a gland?

Answer 14

Consists of one or more cells that make and secrete a particular product - contains protein molecules in fluid.

Question 15

What distinguishes exocrine glands?

Answer 15

They retain their ducts and their secretions exist through the ducts to the epithelial surface - both internal and external.

Question 16

What does avascular mean

Answer 16

No blood supply of their own - dependent on diffusion from the capillaries for food & oxygen

Question 17

Which epithelium is found in the kidneys?

Answer 17

Cuboidal

Question 18

Which epithelium is found in the endoderm in the embryo?

Answer 18

Columnar

Question 19

Where is Stratified Squamous found?

Answer 19

Places that need protection e.g. skin

Question 20

Where is the simple squamous found?

Answer 20

Places that require easy to exchange of material e.g. ectoderm, the alveoli of the lungs and interior walls of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels

Question 21

Where else is the columnar found?

Answer 21

In the digestive tract to the anus

Question 22

Which epithelium participates in functions like the diffusion of nutrients from the blood to the body tissues and the diffusion of gases in the alveoli of the lungs?

Answer 22

Squamous epithelium

Question 23

Which type of epithelium helps move the egg through the fallopian tube?

Answer 23

Ciliated epithelium
The hair-like cilia on the surface of the ciliated epithelium beat in unison to propel the egg forward through the fallopian tube.