Connective Tissue Flashcards
What are some distinguishing characteristic of connective tissue?
- Variations in blood supply
- Extracellular Matrix
What are some functions?
Protecting, supporting, cushioning and insulating other body tissues
What are extracellular matrix?
Consists of a structureless ground substance and fibres
What is the ground substance of the matrix?
Composed largely of water + cell adhesion proteins + large polysaccharide molecules.
What is the purpose of the cell adhesion?
Serves as glue that allows the connective tissue cells to attach themselves to the matrix fibers embedded in the ground substance.
What are all?
All connective tissues consists of living cells surrounded by extracellular matrix.
What is bone tissue is known as?
Osseous tissue
What is bone composed of?
Osteocytes sitting in cavities called lacunae.
What are the pits surrounded by?
Layers of had matrix that contains calcium salts in addition to large numbers of collagen fibres
Collagen is a fibrous protein which gives strength and flexibility to many connective tissues. What type of chemical bonding in the collagen fibres do you think gives them their strength?
Covalent Bonds
Which of the following is a major component of connective tissues found in tendons, ligaments and bones that gives them their strength?
Collagen
Which of the four main tissue types acts to minimise wear-and-tear in the joints?
Connective Tissue
Adam has torn one of the fibrous connective tissue straps that helps stabilise his knee joint. What has he torn?
Ligament
Which of the following is made of connective tissue?
Dermis
Tendons:
attach skeletal muscles to bones
Which statement best describes connective tissue?
It usually contains a large amount of extracellular matrix.
Which of these is NOT a connective tissue?
Muscle
The fibre type that gives connective tissue great strength against pulling forces, is:
Collagen
The external ear maintains its shape nicely because it consists of:
Elastic Cartilage
What are the cells which secrete and maintain the matrix in your intervertebral discs?
Chondrocytes
The bundle of collagen fibres that attaches bone to bone at a joint is called a(n)
Ligament
What is a ligament?
Connection between bone and bone
What is a tendon?
Connection between bone and muscle
The bundle of collagen fibres at the end of a skeletal muscle that attaches the muscle to bone is called a(n)
Tendon
Tendons and ligaments are made of tissue that has high tensile strength. What type of tissue makes up tendons and ligaments?
Dense Tissue
Which of the following cells consists of molecules of fat?
Adipocytes
Osteocytes are stationary cells sitting in small depressions in the bone matrix. These small depressions are called __________.
Lacunae
In order to hold tissue together, fibers are involved. Which of the following types of fibers hold tissue together by forming a net‐like arrangement of fibers?
Reticular
Which of the following cells are associated with a gel matrix?
Chondrocytes
Which of the following connective tissue cells consists of a matrix of gelatinous material?
Cartilage
Which of the following connective tissue cells consists of a matrix of fibers?
areolar, adipose, reticular, dense
How is blood different from other connective tissues?
- The blood does not have fibers in its matrix except when it is clotting.
- It does not act as a cushion between different organs.
Blood transports different substances between organs, but it does not have a cushioning effect, unlike some connective tissues like areolar tissue and adipose tissue.
Does Blood have an extracellular matrix?
Yes, it has a fluid extracellular matrix - plasma
Can you select the differences between ligament and tendon?
- Ligaments are stretchier than tendons
-Tendons connect muscles to bones, and ligaments connect bone to bone
What do ligaments connect to?
Bone to bone
What do tendons connect?
Muscle to Bone
What type of tissue are ligaments and tendons?
Dense connective tissue
(in which the extracellular matrix is densely packed with collagen fibres)
How is cartilage similar to bone?
- ## Specialised connective tissue
Which of the following is a difference between areolar tissue and adipose tissue?
Adipose tissue is used to store energy, while areolar tissue is not.
The innumerable adipocytes in adipose tissue store large quantities of fat as a storehouse of energy.
