Overfat Flashcards
What is hypertrophy?
Increase in size of existing adipose cells
What is hyperplasia?
New fat cell formation
If energy intake is higher than energy output…
Weight gain
If energy input is less than energy intake…
Weight loss
What is creeping obesity?
Obesity often resulting from too little inactivity rather than excessive eating
Another word for excessive fatness?
Obesity
When does excessive fat become a chronic health risk?
> 30% in women
> 20-25% in men
Apple shape
Android
Pear shape
Gynoid
When are males classified as obese? (18+)
Body fat % > 20%
Or BMI > 30
Or Waist > 102 cm
When are females classified as obese? (18+)
Body fat % >30%
Or BMI > 30
Or waist circumference > 88 cm
What are some health problems due to excess body fat?
- Surgical risk
- Pulmonary disease
- Type II diabetes
- Hypertension
- Coronary heart disease
- Bone and joint disorders
- Gallbladder stones
- Various cancers
- Skin disorders
- Shorter statue
- Pregnancy risk
- Early death
What is the death / mortality rate caused by obesity?
- Obese 15 - 69 yr olds 50% higher than normal
- Overweight individuals 30% higher than normal
- For every 10% above normal weight lifespan drops 1 year
Can fit = fat?
Possible but NOT the norm
Ages 18 - 34 yrs percent overweight (but not obese)
30.2%
Ages 18 - 34 yrs percent obese
20.4%
Ages 18 - 34 yrs percent overweight and/or obese
50.6%
Canadian childhood obesity trends:
___% are overweight or obese
___% overweight but not obese
___% obese
32%
20%
12%
What are the prevalence of obesity of children in boys and girls?
Boys 15%
Girls 8%
Approximately how many Canadian children aged 5 - 17 are overweight or obese?
30%
What is the 5-2-1-0 rule?
5: or more veggies and fruits per day
2: no more than 2 hrs of screen time per day
1: hour of physical activity or more per day
0: sugary drinks
Contributors / potential contributors to obesity
Genetics
Early eating pattern
Environmental factors
Metabolic factors
What is the best way to facilitate healthy body composition maintenance?
Combination of healthy eating and exercise
What does exercise do for body fat reduction?
- Depresses appetite
- Maximizes fat loss and minimizes loss of lean muscle tissue
- Burns high number of calories and increases metabolic rate
- Changes the way body handles fat
What is the Traditional exercise prescription for fat loss?
- Low intensity, long duration
- Minimum of 12 minutes to trigger growth of fat burning enzymes to metabolize adipose tissue
What is the More contemporary exercise prescription for fat loss?
- High intensity, short duration
- HIIT
