Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What are primary roles of the cardiovascular system?
- Transport oxygen from lungs to tissues
- Transport carbon dioxide from tissues to lungs
- Transport nutrients from digestive system to body
- Transport waste to excretion
What does the atria do?
Receive blood from peripheral organs and pumps blood into ventricles
What does the Right ventricle do?
Pumps blood to the lungs
What does the Left ventricle do?
Pumps blood through entire body
Diastole
Ventricles relaxing and filling with blood
Systole
Ventricles contracting, push blood through
Arteries carry _______ blood EXCEPT for the ___________
- Oxygenated blood
- Pulmonary artery
Veins carry ______ blood EXCEPT for the ____________
- Deoxygenated blood
- Pulmonary vein
What is the heart structure?
Heart tissue blood supply
-Coronary arteries
-Coronary veins
Sinus node
The beating of the heart is governed by a automatic electrical impulse generated by the sinus node
Action potential in the heart?
An electrical charge generated by the sinus node. The action potential causes the muscle walls of the heart to contract
Purkinjie fibres
What distributes the action potential to the two ventricles
Heart rate = beats per minute (bpm
Average = ________ bpm
60 - 80 bpm
What is Tachycardia?
Persistent resting heart rate >100 bpm
What is Bradycardia?
Persistent resting heart rate <60 bpm
Stroke volume = ml/beat
________ ml/beat
60 - 80 ml/beat
Cardiac output: volume ejected 1/min
= heart rate (bpm) x stroke volume (ml/beat)
At 80 bpm x 60 ml/beat = 4.8 L
At 80 bpm x 80 ml/beat = 6.4 L
What is MaxHR?
Highest rate achieved with all-out effort
When does MaxHR begin to decrease?
Decreases about 1 beat/ yr after 15 yr
How to estimate MaxHR in adults?
MaxHR = 220 - age
What are the vessels of the circulatory system?
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
What are the vessels of the arterial system?
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
What are Arterioles?
Arteries that branch into smaller and smaller vessels
What are capillaries?
Arterioles that branch into even smaller vessels