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histology > ovary > Flashcards

ovary Flashcards

1
Q

what surrounds the highly vascular medulla

A

the cortex

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2
Q

what encapsulates the ovary and what is the outer surface lined with?

A

tunica alubiginea, lined by a single layer of cuboidal/ columnar cells

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3
Q

what is the tunica albuginea continous with?

A

the squamous cells of the mesovarium

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4
Q

what encloses the female germ cells

A

follicles in the cortex

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5
Q

where are the follicles in the cortex embedded?

A

embedded of the thick surrounding connective tissue of the stroma

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6
Q

what fills the rest of the cortex?

A

albicans and corpora lutea

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7
Q

what are the main components of the medulla

A

helicine arteries

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8
Q

what lies under the tunica albuginea?

A

primordial follice

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9
Q

the size and appearance of the primordial follicle

A

pale in size (25-30micrometers) and have a central primary oocyte

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10
Q

what envelops the primordial oocyte

A

follicular cells (squamous cells)

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11
Q

what seperates the follicular cells from the surrounding stroma

A

basal lamina

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12
Q

from primordial follicle to primary follicle

A
  • increase in size
  • secrete proteoglycan rish substance forming the ZONA PELLUCIDA
  • follicular cells start to proliferate resulting in the formation of multilaminar layer the ZONA GRANULOSA
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13
Q

what is the inner layer of the endocrine secretory cells called?

A

theca interna

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14
Q

what is the outer layer of the endocrine secretory cells called?

A

theca externa surrounded by stromal cells

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15
Q

what happens as the follicle matures

A

moves towards the cortical zone

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16
Q

what happens to the zona granulosa in the secondary follicle?

A

proliferate and fluid filled cavities form between the cells

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17
Q

what does the irregular cavities result in? in the secondary folicle

A

the formation of the follicular antrum

18
Q

what is the follicular antrum surrounded by?

A

stratified epithelium

19
Q

what does the granulosa region show in the secondary follicle?

A

a thickened region called the cumulus oophorus containing the primary oocyte in its center.

20
Q

what forms the corna radiata?

A

coloumnar granulosa cells attached to the oocyte

21
Q

what happens to the graafian follicle?

A
  • the follicular antrum increases in size

- follicle extends the full thickness of the ovarian cortex

22
Q

what happens in the preovulatory stage?

A

proliferation of the granulosa cells slows down and cavities develop in the cumulus oophorus

23
Q

what happens right before ovulation?

A

oocyte with its corona radiata detaches from the follicular wall and floats freely in the follicular fluid

24
Q

function of the basal membrane in the graafian follicle

A

supports the outermost layer of the granulosa cells which separates the cells from separating them from the theca folliculi

25
Q

shape and function of the cells that make the theca interna

A
  • polygonal/ spindle shaped cells
  • secrete steriods which contain lipid droplets in their cytoplasm
  • fibroblast and collagen firbers can be observed
26
Q

the theca externa

A
  • contains layers of fibers of smooth muscle cells
  • contains flattened fusiform connective tissue
  • not very distinguishable
27
Q

what happens after ovulation

A

follicular wall becomes folded and collapses, bleeding appears from the ruptures capillaries of the theca interna which forms a central blood clot

28
Q

in the corpus luteum of menstration?

A

-the granulosa and theca interna cells increase in size

29
Q

what originates from the granulosa cells? and what do they form?

A

granulosa lutein cells and form the main bulk of the corpus luteum

30
Q

what originates from the theca interna? where are they located?

A

theca lutin cells, darker stained, and located at the periphery of the corpus lutuem

31
Q

what happens to the connective tissue within the theca interna? in the corpus luteum?

A

strands on conn. tissue invades the avascular granulosa cell mass.

32
Q

what happens to a central blood clot

A

it transforms into fibrous tissue due to the invasion of conn. tissue from the theca interna to the granulosa cell mass.

33
Q

what happens if fertilization does not occur?

A
  • the corpus letuem undergoes involution, fatty
  • degenration within the lutein cells
  • macophages engulf the cellular debris
  • connective tissue replaces the endocrine cells
  • fibrous cell mass atrophies
  • hyalin substance accumulates and forms a scar like
  • strcture called the CORPUS ALBICANS
34
Q

what is the Corpus albicans?

A

a scar like structure due to fertalization not happening and is mainly due to the degenration of the substance within the lutein cells

35
Q

what happens in follicular atresia?

A

oocyte nucleus becomes eccentric and coarsly granular then pyknotic

36
Q

what is the first sign of degeneration of a follicle?

A

loosening and disorganization of the granulosa cells

followed by invasion of granulosa layer by macrophages and vascular connective tissue cells

37
Q

what happens to the zona pullucida, and what does it form?

A

it thickens and forms a layer of hyalin substance in the center of the atretic follicle.

38
Q

what happens to the theca interna cells of the atretic follicle?

A

proliferate forming radial cords that display features and secrete steriod hormones

39
Q

what are the follicles of different developmental stages surrounded by?

A

dense stroma made out of fibroblast-like or mesenchymal cells located in the cortex

40
Q

how long does growth from primordial to antral stage take?

A

85 days, the last follicular growth occurs in the 15 day follicular phase of the menstrual cycle

histology (29 decks)

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