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3 Reproduction > Ovarian Pathology > Flashcards

Ovarian Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

signs of ovarian pathology

A

pain
swelling
endocrine effects

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2
Q

what types of pathology are seen on the ovaries

A

cysts
endometriosis
tumour

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3
Q

what are the different types of ovarian cysts (NOT CANCER)

A

functional (follicular and luteal)

endometrioid

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4
Q

characteristics of a follicular cyst

A

v common
forms when ovulation doesn’t occur
thin walled by granuloma cells
usually resolve after a few months

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5
Q

what is endometriosis

A

endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterine body

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6
Q

where do you see endometriosis (where are the deposits)

A 
Ovary 
Pouch of Douglas 
Peritoneal surfaces 
cervix, vulva, vagina
bladder, bowel
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7
Q

signs of endometriosis

A

pelvic inflammation
infertility
pain

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8
Q

what does endometriosis look like macroscopically

A

peritoneal spots or nodules
fibrous adhesions
chocolate cysts

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9
Q

what does endometriosis look like microscopically

A

endometrial glands and store

haemorrhage, inflammation and fibrosis

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10
Q

what are some complications of endometriosis

A 
pain 
cyst formation 
adhesions 
infertility 
ectopic pregnancy 
malignancy (endometriod cancer)
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11
Q

what are the different types of ovarian tumours

A

epithelial
germ cell
stomal

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12
Q

what are the epithelial ovarian tumours

A 
serous 
mucinous 
endometrioid 
clear cell 
Brenner
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13
Q

what is a benign epithelial ovarian tumour

A

no cytological abnormalities

no stomal invasion

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14
Q

what is a borderline epithelial ovarian tumour

A

cytological abnormalities, proliferative

no stomal invasion

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15
Q

what is a malignant epithelial ovarian tumour

A

stomal invasion

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16
Q

what are the two types of serous epithelial ovarian tumour

A

high grade serous carcinoma

  • serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC)
  • most cases are tubal in origin

low grade serous carcinoma
-serous borderline tumour

17
Q

what tumours are associated with Lynch syndrome

A

endometrioid and clear cell

18
Q

what is a Brenner tumour

A

tumour of transitional type epithelial

usually benign

19
Q

what tumours arise from germ cells

A 
benign - dermoid cyst 
teratoma 
dysgerminoma 
yolk sac tumour 
choriocarcinoma 
mixed germ cell tumour
20
Q

what is the most common malignant germ cell tumour

A

dysgerminoma

1-2% of all ovarian tumours

almost exclusively children and young women

average age is 22

21
Q

what tumours arise from the stroma of the ovaries

A

Fibroma/thecoma

Granuloma cell tumour

Sertoli-leydig cell tumours

22
Q

what do fibroma/thecoma tumours produce

A

oestrogen

may cause uterine bleeding

23
Q

characteristics of granulosa cell tumours

A

all potentially malignant

may be associated with oestrogen manifestations

24
Q

what do thecal/leydig cell tumours produce

A

androgens

v rare

25
Q

where do secondary metastatic ovarian tumours most often come from

A

stomach
colon
breast
pancreas

26
Q

what is FIGO stage 1 (A,B and C) of ovarian cancer

A

1A - tumour limited to one ovary
1B- tumour limited to both ovaries
1C- cancer involving ovarian surface/rupture/surgical spill/ tumour in washings

27
Q

what is FIGO stage 2 (A and B) of ovarian cancer

A

2A- extension on uterus/Fallopian tube

2B- extension onto pelvic intraperitoneal structures

28
Q

FIGO stage 3 (A,B and C) for ovarian cancer

A

3A- retroperitoneal lymph node mets or microscopic peritoneal involvement

3B- macroscopic peritoneal mets beyond pelvis up to 2cm in dimension

3C- macroscopic peritoneal metastasis >2cm in dimension

29
Q

FIGP stage 4 ovarian cancer

A

distant metastasis

30
Q

what pathology can affect the Fallopian tubes

A

inflammation (salpingitis due to infection)

cysts and tumours

serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma

endometriosis

ectopic pregnancy

3 Reproduction (49 decks)

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