Anatomy of Lateral Pelvic Wall and Pelvic Mass Flashcards
what runs through the obturator canal and where is it
obturator nerve
canal is located just above the obturator membrane
what ligaments are on the lateral pelvic wall
sacrospinous
sacrotuberous
obturator membrane
what is the tendinous arch of the elevator ani
which fascia lying over obturator interns which the elevator ani attaches to
where does the sacral plexus sit
on the inside of the piriformis
where do most arteries in the pelvis arise from
internal iliac artery
what arteries in the pelvis do not come off the internal iliac
gonadal artery - from abdominal aorta
superior rectal artery - comes from inferior mesenteric
what is the first split that the internal iliac artery makes
into posterior (parietal) and anterior (visceral) division
what comes from the posterior division of the internal iliac
gluteal arteries
what comes from the anterior division of the internal iliac (males)
obturator artery (goes through obturator canal)
superior and inferior vesical arteries
internal pudendal artery
prostatic branch of inferior vesicle artery
what is the medial umbilical ligament
remnant of the umbilical artery in the fetus which connects the placenta to the internal iliac artery
which pelvic artery do males have that females done have
inferior vesicel artery (although some females can have them)
what is the blood supply to the male perineum
internal pudenal artery
gives off the:
- perineal artery
- posterior scortal artery
- deep artery of the penis
- dorsal artery of the penis
the anterior scrotal artery comes off the external iliac
what is the blood supply to the female pelvis coming from the anterior division of the internal iliac
uterine artery (vas deferens artery in male)
vaginal artery (comes down off the uterine artery but can vary, same as inferior vesicle artery, gives branches to the bladder)
superior vesicle arteries
obturator artery
middle rectal artery
internal pudenal artery
where do anastomoses occur in the female reproductive system
the uterine artery and ovarian arteries (the ureter travels under the uterine artery)
the uterine and the vaginal artery anastomose around the superior aspect of the vagina
what are the arteries to the female perineum
internal pudendal artery gives off the inferior rectal, perineal artery and dorsal artery of clitoris
labial arteries come off the perineal artery
where to venous plexuses in the pelvis drain to
mainly to internal iliac vein
some drain via superior rectal into hepatic portal system
some drain via lateral sacral veins into internal vertebral venous plexus
what the clinically important issue about drainage of pelvic plexuses into the lateral sacral veins into the internal vertebral venous plexus
any infection/cancer can spread around the whole body via the vertebral canal
likely to haemorrhage badly if rectal surgery?
where does the obturator nerve come from
lumbar plexus
what nerves are on the lateral wall of the pelvis
sacral plexus
pelvic splanchnic nerves pudendal nerve sciatic nerve nerve to levator ani obturator nerve
what lymphatics lie either side of the rectum
pararectal
what lymphatics lie above the rectum by the sacrum
sacral
what lymphatics lie on the common iliac
common iliac
what lymphatics lie on the external iliac and internal iliac
external and internal iliac nodes
what lymphatics lie on the inguinal artery
superficial and deep inguinal
where does superior pelvic viscera drain to
external iliac nodes - then to
common iliac, aortic, thoracic duct, venous system
where does the inferior pelvic viscera drain to
deep perineum
then internal iliac nodes, common iliac, aortic, thoracic duct, venous system
where does the superficial perineum drain to
superficial inguinal nodes
where do ovaries and testes drain into (lymph)
lumbar nodes
because they originated from the abdominal wall
where do cliterus and glans of penis drain
inguinal nodes
what is trans-peritoneal spread
when infection/cancer etc manages to penetrate the peritoneum and the peritoneum then helps spread the cancer eg. along to other organs it touches
or can get inside the peritoneum and spread to abdominal viscera eg. underside of the liver mets from uterine cancer
