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Reproductive - Y3* > Ovarian Cancer > Flashcards

Ovarian Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

When does ovarian cancer tend to present?

A

Most tend to present in the late stages

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2
Q

What is the 5-year survival for all stages?

A

40-45%

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3
Q

What is the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer?

A

Start in the fallopian tube

Ovarian cyst turning malignant

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4
Q

What genes are associated with ovarian cancer?

A

HNPCC

BRCA1/BRCA2

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5
Q

What is the presentation of ovarian cancer?

A

Appetite changes: lower appetite, early satiety, indigesiton
GI symptoms: discomfort, bloating, weight gain
Altered bowel habits

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6
Q

What are the investigations for ovarian cancer?

A 
Bloods: CA125 (not diagnostic, but it's first-line)
US - transabdo/vaginal
CT scan
Needle biopsy 
Laparocopy/Laparotomy
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7
Q

What is Stage 1 ovarian cancer?

A

Cancer limited to the ovary, capsule intact

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8
Q

What is Stage 2 ovarian cancer?

A

Affects 1/2 ovaries, with some peritoneal spread

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9
Q

What is Stage 3 ovarian cancer?

A

Affects 1/2 ovaries with extra-peritoneal spread/lymph involvement

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10
Q

What is Stage 4 ovarian cancer?

A

Distant metastasis

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11
Q

What are the different types of ovarian cancer?

A

Serous cystadenoma
Serous borderline tumour
Serous carcinoma

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12
Q

What is the treatment for ovarian cancer?

A

Surgery

Helps to teat, stage and debulk the disease.

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13
Q

What treatment should go alongside surgery?

A

Adjuvant chemotherapy.
First line is platinum and taxane, given within 8 weeks of the surgery.

Note that a cure is unlikely.

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14
Q

What is the prognosis for ovarian cancer by stages?

A

Stage 1 - 87%
Stage 2 - 46%
Stage 3 - 15%
Stage 4 - 10%

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15
Q

Is there any public screening for ovarian cancer?

A

No, it’s not proven to help

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16
Q

Who is screening offered to?

A

High risk women:

  • Cancer gene positive
  • 2 or more family members with cancer
17
Q

What does ovarian cancer screening consist of?

A

Pelvic exam
Bloods: CA125
Imaging: Abdo US

18
Q

45 y/o woman comes in presenting with loss of appetite and indigestion. She has had altered bowel habit and her serum CA125 is raised. What is the next appropriate line of investigation?

A

Transvaginal/transabdominal ultrasound

19
Q

The same woman has now had surgery to remove her cancer. When should she be given adjuvant chemotherapy and what is the first-line drugs?

A

Within 8 weeks.

First line is platinum or taxane.

Reproductive - Y3* (30 decks)

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