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Reproductive - Y3* > Complications in Pregnancy 2 > Flashcards

Complications in Pregnancy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different stages of chronic hypertension in pregnancy?

A
  • Mild – 140-9/90-9
  • Moderate – 150-9/100-9
  • Severe – 160/>110
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2
Q

What antihypertensive drug should be stopped for pregnancy?

A

ACEi

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3
Q

What is the potential complication of maternal HTN?

A

Placental abruption

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4
Q

What is it called when a woman has new onset HTN when pregnant?

A

Gestational HTN

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5
Q

What is pre-eclampsia?

A

New onset HTN
Proteinuria (300mgms/24 hours)

This is very important.

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6
Q

What are the potential pathophysiology processes of pre-eclampsia?

A
  • Secondary invasion of maternal spiral arterioles by trophoblasts –> decreased placental perfusion
  • Imbalance between vasodilators/vasoconstrictors in pregnancy
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7
Q

What are the risk factors for pre-eclampsia?

A
  • Immunological
  • FH
  • 1st pregnancy
  • High BMI
  • Underlying medical conditions, e.g. SLE
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8
Q

What are the maternal complications of pre-eclampsia?

A
  • Eclampsia (seizures)
  • Severe HTN
  • HELLP
  • DIC
  • Renal failure
  • Pulmonary oedema
  • CVS failure
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9
Q

What is HELLP syndrome?

A

Haemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelet

Most common in women with pre-eclampsia or eclampsia.

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10
Q

How does HELLP present?

A

Wide range of non-specific symptoms

Fatigue, malaise
Fluid retention 
Excess weight gain
Pain in the upper right or middle of the abdomen
Nausea and vomiting 
Headache, Blurry vision
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11
Q

What is DIC?

A

Disseminated intravascular coagulation.

A condition in which blood clots form throughout the body, blocking small blood vessels. .

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12
Q

What are the foetal complications of pre-eclampsia?

A
  • Impaired placental perfusion
  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
  • Prematurity
  • PN mortality
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13
Q

What is the management for pre-eclampsia?

A

Only ‘cure’ is delivery of baby and placenta.

  • BP check
  • Symptomatology
  • CTG
  • Aim for foetal maturity
  • Risks may persist into puerperium (postpartum period)
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14
Q

How do you treat eclampsia seizures?

A
  • Magnesium sulphate bolus + IV infusion
  • Control of BP
  • Avoid fluid overload
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15
Q

What is the risk of maternal diabetes?

A

Increased risk of pre-term delivery

Worsening of maternal nephropathy

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16
Q

What is the management of maternal diabetes?

A
  • Better glycaemic control

* Elective CS if macrosomia

17
Q

What is new onset of diabetes in a pregnant woman known as?

A

Gestational diabetes

18
Q

What is the management of gestational diabetes?

A
  • Better glycaemic control

* Metformin/insulin if necessary

Reproductive - Y3* (30 decks)

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