Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pulmonology > Other Pneumonias > Flashcards

Other Pneumonias Flashcards

1
Q

what criteria must be met to diagnose a patient with HAP?

A

> 48 hrs in hospital in past 90 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what criteria must be met to diagnose a patient with VAP?

A

endotracheal intubation > 48 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the most common HAP organism?

A

staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are 3 common VAP organism? (SAP)

A

Steno malto
Acine species
Pseudomonas a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what clinical findings are present to diagnose HAP and VAP?

A

opacities on xray
fever
leukocytosis
purulent sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what would be seen in a blood gas for HAP or VAP

A

hypoxemia
hypercapnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what 3 diagnostics should be ordered for HAP and VAP?

A

blood culture
sputum culture
chest xray or CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what 2 labs should be ordered for HAP and VAP?

A

CBC
chemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the treatment for HAP and VAP?

A

IV vancomycin + piperacillin OR cefepime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

aspiration of gastric contents or oral/dental bacteria leads to what?

A

anaerobic pneumonia
lung abscesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where in the lungs does aspiration lead to pneumonia?

A

gravity dependent areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a patient presents with fever, weight loss, malaise, poor dentition, cough with foul-smelling purulent sputum. what are they experiencing?

A

anaerobic pneumonia
lung abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what would a lung abscess look like on chest Xray or CT?

A

thick-walled cavity surrounded by consolidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what would a necrotizing pneumonia look like on chest xray or CT?

A

multiple areas of cavitation inside consolidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are 3 first line treatments for anaerobic pneumonia and lung abscesses?

A

augmentin
amoxicillin + metronidazole
clindamycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where is viral pneumonia located?

A

inside the alveoli

17
Q

a patient presents with fever, myalgias, fatigue, URI symptoms, increased RR, diffuse rales and wheezes, non-productive cough +/- pink frothy sputum, +/- tender trachea, and cervical lymphadenopathy. what are they experiencing?

A

viral pneumonia

18
Q

what will viral pneumonia look like on chest xray if it doesn’t look normal? (3)

A

diffuse consolidation
bronchial wall thickening
small pleural effusions

19
Q

what will viral pneumonia look like on a chest CT?

A

ground-glass opacity

20
Q

what is the general treatment for viral pneumonia? (3)

A

antivirals
NSAIDs
cough suppressants

21
Q

what are 2 NSAIDs that can be used for vial pneumonia?

A

ibuprofen
naproxen

22
Q

what are 2 cough suppressants that can be used for viral pneumonia?

A

dextromethorphan
benzonatate

23
Q

what is the most common organism in fungal pneumonia?

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

24
Q

a patient presents with abrupt onset of fever, tachypnea, SOB, dry cough, and +/- bibasilar crackles. what are they experiencing?

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

25
Q

what would pneumocystis jirovecii look like in a chest xray? (bat wings)

A

perihilar interstitial infiltrations - ground glass type

26
Q

what would blood gas of pneumocystis jirovecii look like?

A

hypoxemia
hypercapnia

27
Q

what is the first line treatment for pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

trime-sulfa

28
Q

what class of medication can be used in pneumocystis jirovecii if PaO2 is less than 70, A-a gradient is more than 35, or resting room OSat is less than 92?

A

corticosteroids

29
Q

small oval bodies that reach the terminal bronchioles and alveoli?

A

mycelia

30
Q

what kind of infection occurs when mycelia transform into yeasts that are found inside macrophages?

A

histoplasmosis (fungal pneumonia)

31
Q

what are some risk factors for histoplasmosis? (4)

A

excavation
going into caves
remodeling old buildings
cutting dead trees

32
Q

a patient presents with flu-like symptoms + cough, dyspnea, and chest pain. what are they likely experiencing?

A

histoplasmosis

33
Q

when do symptoms of histoplasmosis typically occur?

A

1-4 weeks after exposure

34
Q

what would histoplasmosis look like on a chest xray?

A

hilar/mediastinal adenopathy
pulmonary infiltrates

35
Q

what 2 labs should we run for histoplasmosis?

A

antigen test of bronchial fluid or serum
cytology of bronchial fluid

36
Q

what kind of patients may have chronic cavitary histoplasmosis?

A

smokers who have COPD

37
Q

what is the treatment for histoplasmosis?

A

amphotericin B + itraconazole

Pulmonology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions