CF and Bronchiectasis Flashcards
abnormally functioning chloride channels that leads to altered chloride transport and water movement, with increased NaCl in sweat and decreased NaCl everywhere else
cystic fibrosis
in which unscreened patients should CF be suspected? (3)
Hx of chronic lung disease (bronchiectasis)
pancreatitis
infertility
a patient presents with cough + sputum, decreased exercise tolerance, recurrent hemoptysis, chronic rhinosinusitis, steatorrhea, diarrhea, chronic abdominal pain, malnourished, digital clubbing, increased anteroposterior chest diameter, hyperresonance to percussion, and apical crackles. what are they likely experiencing?
cystic fibrosis
what are 5 diagnostics that I can order for a patient with CF?
blood gas
spirometry
chest CT
sweat test
DNA genotyping
what would a blood gas in a CF patient present? (2)
hypoxemia
compensated respiratory acidosis
what would a spirometry show in a patient with CF?
mixed obstructive/restrictive
a patient with CF shows what in their chest CT? (5)
hyperinflation
peribronchial thickening
mucus plugging
focal atelectasis
peripheral opacities (mucus)
what would be required if a suspected CF patient tests negative on the sweat test?
DNA genotyping
at a CF center, what is the treatment for a patient 6 years or older? (4)
chest physiotherapy
inhaled hypertonic solution
dornase alfa (mucolytic)
bronchodilators
what is the treatment for a patient with CF who has bacteria / respiratory tract infections?
inhaled tobramycin
what is the only treatment in CF patients with end-stage pulmonary disease?
lung transplantation
irreversible airway dilation (chronic inflammation) involving the lung in focal or diffuse manner, and can be infectious or noninfectious
bronchiectasis
what causes 50% of bronchiectasis cases?
cystic fibrosis
a patient presents with chronic cough, copious purulent sputum, hemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain, weight loss, foul-smelling breath, crackles/rales, anemia, hypoxemia, and nail clubbing. what are they likely experiencing?
bronchiectasis
what 4 diagnostics should be order for a patient with suspected bronchiectasis?
CBC
CXR
Chest CT
Flu test
what would a CBC show in a patient with bronchiectasis?
decreased Hb and Hct due to hemoptysis
what would a chest xray show in a patient with bronchiectasis? (3)
ring-like markings / tram tracks
cysts
increased interstitial markings
what would a Chest CT of a patient with bronchiectasis show?
dilated bronchi
what is the most common organism recovered in microbio testing of bronchiectasis?
H. flu
what are the 4 basic treatments for a patient with bronchiectasis?
antibiotics
chest physiotherapy
chest bronchoscopy
surgical resection
what antibiotics can be given to a patient with bronchiectasis? (3)
amoxicillin
augmentin
ciprofloxacin
what medication can be used prophylactically for patients with bronchiectasis to prevent future infections?
macrolide
when can surgical resection be used in a patient with bronchiectasis?
when bronchiectasis is localized
what are 3 complications of bronchiectasis?
anemia
cor pulmonale
visceral abscess
