Osteomyelitis Flashcards
What is the most common causative organism osteomyelitis?
Staph aureus
What is the most common cause of osteomyelitis <1 month old?
E. coli
What is a causative bacteria of osteomyelitis with prosthesis?
Coag - staph
What is a common cause of osteomyelitis with penetrating injury?
Pseudomonas aeroginosa
What is a common cause of osteomyelitis with sickle cell?
Salmonella
What is a common cause of osteomyelitis in HIV/AIDs?
Candida
What are some risk factors for osteomyelitis?
Extremes of age
DM
Immunocompromised
Recent open fracture or surgery
What is the most common site for primary osteomyelitis in adults?
Thoraco-lumbar spine
What are the common locations of osteomyelitis?
Thoraco-lumbar spine
Metaphysis of long bones- distal femur, proximal tibia, proximal humerus
Joint with intra-articular metaphysics- hip, elbow
What is the presentation of osteomyelitis?
Severe pain
Pyrexia
Decreased ROM and reluctant to move
What investigations are done for osteomyelitis?
FBC, U&Es, CRP, ESR Blood cultures x3 MRI= most sensitive XR= no changes until ~2 weeks Aspiration Swab of open wounds
What is the management of osteomyelitis?
Antibiotics- IV or oral, 4-6 weeks
Surgery
What are the indications for surgery in osteomyelitis?
Collection in periosteum
Infection spread into joint
Atypical bacteria
Debridement of dead tissue
What are some complications of osteomyelitis?
Sepsis MEtastatic infection PAthological fracure Septic arthritis Altered bone growth Chronic osteomyelitis
What are th most common causes of chronic osteomyelitis?
Mixed organisms Staph aureus E coli Proteus Strep pyogenes