Compartment syndrome Flashcards
What is compartment syndrome?
Increased interstitial pressure in closed osteofascial compartment causing microvasculature compromise
What are the common locations for compartment syndrome?
Anterior and posterior compartments of legs
Volar compartment of forearm
What are the types of compartment syndrome?
Acute
Chronic= develops during exercise and improves with rest
Who is compartment syndrome sene in?
<35s
Males>females
What are the causes of compartment syndrome?
Secrease in compartment size -Closure of fascial defects -tight plaster cats/bandages -localised external pressure Increase in compartment contents -haemorrhage -post op swelling and oedema -post ischaemic swelling
What is the presentation of compartment syndrome?
Pain- disproportionate to injury, not improved with opioids Severe pain on stretching Pallor Pressure LAte= paraestoesia, paralysis, pulseless
How is compartment syndrome diagnosed?
Clinically
Unconcious- compartment pressure measurement
Serum creatinine kinase- determine muscle damage
What compartment pressure is diagnostic of compartment syndrome?
Delta pressure= <30
Difference between compartment pressure and diastolic blood pressure
What is the management of compartment syndrome?
Fasciotomy
What are the complications of compartment syndrome?
Muscle necrosis
Acute renal failure
Sensory/motor deficits