Compartment syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What is compartment syndrome?

A

Increased interstitial pressure in closed osteofascial compartment causing microvasculature compromise

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2
Q

What are the common locations for compartment syndrome?

A

Anterior and posterior compartments of legs

Volar compartment of forearm

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3
Q

What are the types of compartment syndrome?

A

Acute

Chronic= develops during exercise and improves with rest

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4
Q

Who is compartment syndrome sene in?

A

<35s

Males>females

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5
Q

What are the causes of compartment syndrome?

A
Secrease in compartment size
-Closure of fascial defects
-tight plaster cats/bandages 
-localised external pressure
Increase in compartment contents
-haemorrhage
-post op swelling and oedema
-post ischaemic swelling
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6
Q

What is the presentation of compartment syndrome?

A
Pain- disproportionate to injury, not improved with opioids
Severe pain on stretching
Pallor
Pressure
LAte= paraestoesia, paralysis, pulseless
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7
Q

How is compartment syndrome diagnosed?

A

Clinically
Unconcious- compartment pressure measurement
Serum creatinine kinase- determine muscle damage

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8
Q

What compartment pressure is diagnostic of compartment syndrome?

A

Delta pressure= <30

Difference between compartment pressure and diastolic blood pressure

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9
Q

What is the management of compartment syndrome?

A

Fasciotomy

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10
Q

What are the complications of compartment syndrome?

A

Muscle necrosis
Acute renal failure
Sensory/motor deficits

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