Osteoarthritis

Question 1

Pathophysiology of OA

Answer 1

OA is a long term chronic disease characterised by the deterioration of the cartilage in joints resulting in the bones rubbing together and creating stiffness, pain and impaired movement

Question 2

Difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 2

Osteoarthritis : mechanical wear then gets damages and lost and THEN INFLAMMATION

Rheumatoid arthritis ; SYNOVIAL INFLAMMATION FIRST and then leads to wear and tear

Question 3

Main risk factors of osteoarthritis

Answer 3

Age 
Excess weight and obesity 
Mechanical constraints like intense sport 
Heredity 
Female mended , menopause
Oestrogen deficiency 
Injury like crucifer ligament rupture 
Metabolic diseases
Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 4

Viscous cycle of obesity related osteoarthritis

Answer 4

Joint pain 
Limited mobility 
Lack of physical activity 
Obesity ( also depression , type 2 diabetes , heart disease) 
Increased pressure on knee joints 
Joint pain

Question 5

Distribution of primary OA

Answer 5

Knee
Hip
Sound
Fingers

Question 6

Radiographic changes of OA

Answer 6

Loss of jt space
Sclerosis
Osteophyte
Subchondral cyst

Question 7

Process of developing OA from injury to end stage arthritis

Answer 7

Injury 
Meninscus tear
Surgery/ removal
Increased pressure in knee
Articulate cartilage wear
Loss of jt space
OA
Inflammation

Question 8

Increased risk of osteoarthritis

Answer 8

Age
Female
Family history 
BMI
PM ( oestrogen could be a factor)

Question 9

Proximal inter phalange also joint

Answer 9

Bouchard

Question 10

Distal inter phalange also joints

Answer 10

Herbendens nodes

Question 11

Why might you get pain in the leg when there is a problem in the hip joint

Answer 11

Brain doesn’t interpret hip pain very well and so may present pain in the knee. Pain and stiffness and pain go down the knees which could explain why the knees are aching as well

Question 12

Reconditioning exercise program for OA

Answer 12

Low impact , continuous movement exercise for 15-39 minutes 3 times per week

Fitness walking
Aquatics exercise programs
Treadmill

Question 13

What is osteoarthritis

Answer 13

A condition characterised by the progressive loss of articulate cartilage and remodelling of the underlying bone

Question 14

Risk factors of osteoarthritis

Answer 14

Obesity
Advancing age
Previous menus also surgery

Question 15

Symptoms of osteoarthritis

Answer 15

Condition characterised by the progressive loss of articulate cartilage and remodelling of the underlying bone

Question 16

Risk factors of osteoarthritis

Answer 16

Obesity
Advancing age
Previous meniscus surgery

Question 17

What do the patients present with in osteoarthritis

Answer 17

Patients present with pain and stiffness in joints , worsened with activity and relieved by rest, with associated clinical signs depending on the joint involved

Question 18

Clinical treatment of osteoarthritis

Answer 18

Can be managed conservatively initially, but may require surgical intervention if significant impact to quality of life remains. Do need an X ray to confirm osteoarthritis