osmosis, ATP, diffusion

Question 1

dilute solutions have a ______ concentration of water

Answer 1

high

Question 2

concentrated solutions have a _____ concentration of water

Answer 2

low

Question 3

turgid

Answer 3

when the cell wall prevents the cell from bursting due to osmosis (too much water)

Question 4

flacid

Answer 4

when the plant cell is dehydrated due to being in a solution with lower water concentration than itself

Question 5

semi-permeable membrane/ partially permeable membrane

Answer 5

• lets some molecules through but not all
• only lets small ones through like glucose, oxygen, water and amino acids
• water keeps moving until both sides have the same concentration

Question 6

osmosis

Answer 6

movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 7

diffusion

Answer 7

spreading out of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
that does not require any energy from the cell

Question 8

factors affecting diffusion

Answer 8

1. larger concentration gradient (greater difference in concentration)
2. higher temperature (particles move faster)
3. higher surface area (more area they can pass through)

Question 9

active transport

Answer 9

movement of molecules against their concentration gradient

requires energy from the cell

Question 10

how are root hair cells adapted?

Answer 10

lots of mitochondria, for energy
lots of surface area

Question 11

how are root hair cells involved in ATP?

Answer 11

the cells have a higher concentration of minerals inside them than in the soil

to absorb the minerals in the soil they must use ATP instead of diffusion because low is going into high