Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biology flashcards > hormones > Flashcards

hormones Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

a hormone is a _____ messenger _______ which can __________

A

a chemical messenger in the body which can bring out a response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

insulin is released in response to ________

causes ______ to ________, ________ing the ________ that is in the _______

A
  • realeased in response to INCREASED blood sugar
  • causes glucose to enter cells and liver, reducing the level that is in the blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

glycogen

A

the store of glucose in the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

glucagon is _______d in response to…

A

-realeased in response to DECREASED blood sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

negative feedback

A

a protection mechanism wherein the end product turns off the starting trigger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are plant hormones called

A

auxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how weed killer works

A

affects plants w broad leaves so they can’t photosynthesise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

rooting powder

A

allows for cuttings from strong plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gibberellin

A

seedless fruit, dormancy and flowering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ethylene hormone helps

A

ripening of fruit quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

testosterone

A
  • produced by the testes
  • stimulates secondary sex characteristics
  • levels fluctuate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

FSH

A

released from: pituitary gland
stimulates: oestrogen
inhibits: LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

oestrogen

A

released from: ovaries
stimulates: LH
inhibits: FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

LH

A

released from: pituitary gland
stimulates: progesterone in pregnant women, FSH in unfertilised egg
inhibits: oestrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

progesterone

A

released from: ovaries
stimulates:
inhibits: LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

endocrine system

A

hormones are released by glands into the bloodstream and they travel in the bloodstream to trigger effects in specific target organs

17
Q

ovulation

A

the release of an egg every 28 days

18
Q

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

causes an egg to mature in the ovary

19
Q

lutenising hormone (LH)

A

causes the egg to be released

20
Q

oestrogen, progesterone

A

maintain uterus lining, incase the egg is fertilised

21
Q

menstrual cycle process (involving hormones)

A
  1. FSH released by pituitary gland. it travels in the blood to the ovaries, where it matures an egg
  2. this triggers the ovaries to make oestrogen, making the uterus lining thick
  3. oestrogen stops the pituitary gland from releasing any more FSH
  4. the pituitary gland releases LH, this triggers ovulation
  5. the ovary now produces progesterone, which:
    - prevents more eggs from maturing/ being released by stopping the release of any more LH and FSH
    - keeps uterus lining thick incase a fertilised egg implants
22
Q

sterilisation

A

surgical contraception that is hard to reverse and makes one infertile

23
Q

sterilisation in women

A

prevents egg from reaching uterus

24
Q

sterilisation in men

A

prevents sperm from leaving penis

25
Q

fertility drug

A

FSH and LH are given to a woman, meaning they will ovulate more, increasing fertility

26
Q

IVF/ in vitro fertilisation

A
  1. treated with FSH and LH, causing several eggs to mature
  2. collected from the mother, then sperm collected from the father
  3. embryos are developed in the lab which are then implanted into the woman
27
Q

problems with IVF

A
  • low success rates
  • very emotionally stressful
  • physically demanding for the mother
  • can lead to multiple births (dangerous)
  • not all embryos implanted
  • expensive
28
Q

adrenal glands

A
  • atop kidneys
  • release adrenaline in response to fear/ stress
  • this increases heart rate meaning more O2 and glucose go to the brain + muscs
  • these are needed for anaerobic respiration, meaning the body is ready to fight
29
Q

thyroid gland

A
  • base of neck, releases thyroxine
  • makes chemical reactions happen faster
  • growth and development
30
Q

negative feedback in thyroxine levels

A
  • level of thyroxine is monitored by the brain
  • when the level falls, the pituitary gland releases the hormone TSH
  • TSH triggers the thyroid gland to produce more thyroxine
  • to prevent too much the brain prevents the pituitary gland from releasing more TSH
31
Q

birth control

A
  • prevents body from producing FSH

✅ highly effective if taken right

❌ must be done daily, side effects, no protection from STIs

32
Q

implant, injection, skin patch

A
  • contain progesterone, which stops eggs maturing

✅ lasts in following order: 3 years, 13 weeks, 1 week

❌ do not protect against STIs, side effects

33
Q

condom/diaphragm

A
  • prevent sperm from reaching egg

✅ no side effects, reduce risk of STIs, more effective if used with spermicide gel (kill or disable sperm)

34
Q

IUD, intrauterine device, the coil

A
  • prevents an embryo from implanting
  • some release hormones to reduce risk of fertilisation

✅ prevent pregnancy for up to 10 years

❌ no protection from STIs

biology flashcards (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions