Origins And Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What is psychology

A

The scientific study of the human mind and its functions. In particular the functions that affect behaviour in a given context situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

He opened the first ever lab dedicated to psychological enquiry in Leipzig 1879
‘Grandfather of psychology’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Introspection

A

The examination of thoughts and Wundts colleagues were trained to examine their feelings, emotions and sensations
Introspection was difficult to replicate and very subjective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Emergence of psychology as a science

A

John Watson claimed that for psychology to be scientific it had to focus on observable and measurable phenomena.
The behaviourist approach dominated psychology for 50 years, and focused on the processes by which we learn using carefully controlled lab experiments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are we now

A

Most dominant approach is cognitive approach
Due to emergence of cognitive neuroscience
Brain scanning techniques allow psychologists to study the brain in more scientific way
So psychology classes as science now

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Weaknesses of introspection

A

Behaviourist psychologists questioned the scientific status of introspection as it produced data based on opinions
Results vary from P to P as Ps were recalling their own thoughts
This was deemed non scientific
No cause and effect
Not reliable as difficult to replicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Psychodynamic approach

A

‘Behaviour is the result of the unconscious mind ‘
Iceberg analogy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Freudian slip

A

When the unconscious slips out. it is verbal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dream analysis

A

When we are asleep, repressed ideas come to the surface, but what we might remember of the dream may be altered by our thought processes. Freud believed that the real meaning of a dream had a sexual significance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Tripartite personality

A

Freud believed there were three parts to every adult personality, and that each part develops at a different stage in a persons life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Id

A

Selfish and impulsive part of our mind. Present from birth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ego

A

Rational
Functions to balance demands of id and superego. Develops age 2.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Superego

A

Moralistic
Develops age 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Defence mechanisms

A

Ego balances demands of id and superego - this creates anxiety
It protects itself with mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Denial

A

Arguing against an anxiety provoking situation by stating it doesn’t exist. E.g. grief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Displacement

A

Taking out impulses on a less threatening target, e.g. punching the wall

17
Q

Repression

A

Anxiety provoking thoughts are pushed into the unconscious mind e.g. bullying

18
Q

Evaluation of psychodynamic approach AO3
strength

A

Useful in terms of developing treatment for mental health disorders.
As it has developed psychoanalysis a form of talking therapy. Aim is to release repressed memories from the unconscious mind that are having a negative effect on the person
Strength as it allows better quality of life, e.g. career/more social

19
Q

Evaluation of psychodynamic approach AO3
Limitation 1

A

P: Unscientific - pseudoscience
E: Only uses case studies eg. Little hans to support Oedipus complex
C: Case studies unreliable. Unrepresentative

20
Q

Evaluation of psychodynamic approach AO3
Limitation 2

A

P: Reductionist. Reductionism, is when a theory/approach attempts to understand human behaviour by breaking behaviour down into smaller factors.
E: they reduce all behaviour down to the unconscious mind. They fail to consider any other cause the behaviour.
C: limited understanding of human behaviour. Understanding of depression limited, so it limits treatment.

21
Q

Evaluation of psychodynamic approach AO3
Limitation 3

A

P: determinist. Determinism is when an approach or theory argues that human behaviour is governed by factors that we cannot control
E: psychodynamic approach argues that our behaviour is governed by an internal fact that we cannot control. This is our unconscious mind.
C: limitation because it causes issues within legal system. No full control of their behaviour, can they be truly responsible for criminal behaviour. Also provides an excuse

22
Q

Psychosexual stages
Oral stage (1)

A

0-1 year old
Children like to put things in their mouth
Conflict - weaning

23
Q

anal stage (2)

A

2-3 years old
children begin potty training

24
Q

phallic stage (3)

A

3-6 years old
boys more attached to mother. girls more attached to father

25
Q

latency stage (4)

A

6 to puberty
children spend more time with same sex peers

26
Q

genital stage

A

beyond puberty
individuals attracted to opposite sex peers