organs and structures (15, 16) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

brain

A

contained within the cranium, center for coordinating body activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cerebrum

A

largest portion of the brain, divided into left and right hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ventricles

A

cavities within the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

serebellum

A

located under the posterior portion of the cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

brainstem

A

stemlike portion of the brain that connects with the spinal cord; contains centers that control respiration and heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pons

A

literally means bridge –> connects cerebrum with cerebellum and brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

medulla oblongata

A

located between the pons and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

midbrain

A

most superior portion of the brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

clear, colorless fluid contained in the ventricles that flows through the subarachnoid space around the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

spinal cord

A

passes through the vertebral canal extending from the medulla oblongata to the level of the second lumbar vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

meninges

A

three layers of membrane that cover the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dura mater

A

though other layer of the meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

arachnoid

A

delicate middle layer of the meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pia mater

A

thin inner layer of the meninges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

nerve

A

cordlike structure made up of fibers that carries impulses from one part of the body to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ganglion

A

group of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system

17
Q

glia

A

specialized cells that support and nourish nervous tissue

18
Q

neuron

A

nerve cell that conducts nerve impulses to carry out the function of the nervous system

19
Q

pituitary gland

A

approximately the size of a pea and located at the base of the brain

20
Q

anterior lobe

A

produces and secretes hormones

21
Q

growth hormone (GH)

A

regulates the growth of the body

22
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

stimulates the adrenal cortex

23
Q

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

stimulates the thyroid gland

24
Q

gonadotropic hormones

A

stimulate the gonads –> follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone released from adenohypophysis

25
Q

prolactin (PRL)

A

promotes development of glandular tissue during pregnancy and produces milk after birth of an infant

26
Q

posterior lobe

A

stores and releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin (aka neurohypophysis)

27
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

stimulates the kidney to reabsorb water and constricts blood vessels to help maintain blood pressure

28
Q

oxytocin

A

stimulates uterine contractions during labor and postpartum, and milk let down by the breasts postpartum

29
Q

hypothalamus

A

located superior to the pituitary gland in the brain

30
Q

thyroid gland

A

largest endocrine gland, secretes hormones triiodothyronine and thyroxine

31
Q

parathyroid glands

A

four small bodies embedded in the posterior aspect of the lobes of the thyroid gland

32
Q

islets of Langerhans

A

clusters of endocrine tissue found throughout the pancreas, made up of different cell types that secrete various hormones

33
Q

adrenal glands

A

paired glands, one of which is located superior to each kidney

34
Q

cortisol

A

secreted by the adrenal cortex, aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels to provide energy

35
Q

aldosterone

A

secreted by the adrenal cortex

36
Q

epinephrine, norepinephrine

A

secreted by the adrenal medulla