Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > organs and structures (12, 13, 14) > Flashcards

organs and structures (12, 13, 14) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

eye

A

organ of vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sclera

A

outer protective layer of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

cornea

A

transparent anterior part of the sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

choroid

A

middle layer of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

iris

A

pigmented muscular structure that regulates the amount of light entering the eye by controlling the size of the pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pupil

A

opening in the center of the iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

lens

A

lies directly behind the pupil function is to focus and bend light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

retina

A

innermost layer of the eye, contains vision receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

aqueous humor

A

watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vitreous humor

A

jellylike substance found behind he lens in the posterior cavity of the eye that maintains its shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

meibomian glands

A

oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids that help lubricate the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lacrimal apparatus

A

network of glands, ducts, canals, and sacs that produce and drain tears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

optic nerve

A

carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

conjunctiva

A

mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering the anterior portion of the sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ear

A

organ of hearing and balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

external ear

A

consists of the auricle and external auditory canal (meatus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

auricle

A

external, visible part of the ear located on both sides of the head; directs sound waves into the external auditory canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

external auditory canal

A

short tube that ends at the tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

middle ear

A

consists of the tympanic membrane and the tympanic cavity containing the ossicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

tympanic membrane

A

semitransparent membrane that separates the external auditory canal and the middle ear cavity
aka eardrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ossicles

A

bones of the middle ear that carry sound vibrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

eustachian tube

A

passage between the middle ear and the pharynx; equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

inner ear

A

consists of the labyrinth and connectors of the vestibular and the cochlear nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

labyrinth

A

bony spaces within the temporal bone of the skull made up of three distinct parts, the cochlea, the semicircular canals, and the vestibule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

cochlea

A

coiled portion of the inner ear containing the sensory organ of hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

semicircular canals and vestibule

A

sensory organs of balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

mastoid bone

A

portion of the temporal bone of the skull posterior and inferior to each auditory canal; contains mastoid air cells that drain into the middle ear cavity behind the external auditory canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

periosteum

A

outermost layer of the bone, made up of fibrous tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

compact bone

A

dense, hard layers of bone tissue that li underneath the periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

cancellous bone

A

contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in the layers of compact bone
aka spongy bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

endosteum

A

membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

diaphysis

A

shaft of the long bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

epiphysis

A

end of each long bone

34
Q

bone marrow

A

material found in the cavities of bones

35
Q

red marrow

A

thick, bloodlike material found in flat bones and the ends of long bones; location of blood cell formation

36
Q

yellow marrow

A

soft, fatty material found in the medullary cavity of long bones

37
Q

maxilla

A

upper jawbone

38
Q

mandible

A

lower jawbone

39
Q

vertebral column

A

made up of bones called vertebrae or vertebra through which the spinal cord runs

40
Q

cervical vertebrae (C1 - C7)

A

first set of seven bones, forming the neck

41
Q

thoracic vertebrae (T1 - T12)

A

second set of 12 vertebrae –> articulate with 12 pairs of ribs to form outward curve of the spine

42
Q

lumbar vertebrae (L1 - L5)

A

third set of five larger vertebrae, which forms the inward curve of the spine

43
Q

sacrum

A

next five vertebrae, which fuse together to form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones

44
Q

coccyx

A

four vertebrae fused together to form the tailbone

45
Q

lamina

A

part of the vertebral arch

46
Q

clavicle

A

collarbone

47
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blade

48
Q

acromion process

A

extension of the scapula, which forms the superior point of the shoulder

49
Q

sternum

A

breastbone

50
Q

xiphoid process

A

lower portion of the sternum

51
Q

humerus

A

upper arm bone

52
Q

ulna and radius

A

lower arm bones

53
Q

olecranon process

A

projection at the proximal end of the ulna that forms the bony point of the elbow

54
Q

carpal bones

A

wrist bones

55
Q

metacarpal bones

A

hand bones

56
Q

phalanx

A

finger and toe bones

57
Q

pelvis

A

made up of three bones fused together

58
Q

ischium

A

lower, posterior portion of the pelvis on which one sits

59
Q

ilium

A

upper, wing-shaped part on each side of the pelvis

60
Q

pubis

A

anterior portion of the pelvis

61
Q

acetabulum

A

large socket in the pelvis for the head of the femur

62
Q

femur

A

upper leg bone

63
Q

tibia and fibula

A

lower leg bones

64
Q

patella

A

kneecap

65
Q

tarsal bones

A

ankle bones

66
Q

calcaneus

A

heel bone

67
Q

metatarsal bones

A

foot bones

68
Q

joint

A

junction of two or more bones, which often allows for movement of these bones

69
Q

cartilage

A

firm connective tissue primarily found in joints

70
Q

meniscus

A

crescent-shaped cartilage found in some joints, including the knee

71
Q

intervertebral disk

A

cartilaginous pad found between the vertebrae in the spine

72
Q

pubic symphysis

A

cartilaginous joint at which two pubic bones come together anteriorly at the midline

73
Q

synovia

A

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities, bursae, and around tendons

74
Q

bursa

A

fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another

75
Q

ligament

A

flexible, touch band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another at a joint

76
Q

tendon

A

band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

77
Q

aponeurosis

A

strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone

78
Q

skeletal muscles

A

attached to bones by tendons and make body movement possible

79
Q

smooth muscles

A

located in internal organs such as the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract

80
Q

cardiac muscle

A

forms most of the wall of the heart; involuntary contraction produces heartbeat

Medical Terminology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions