disease and disorder terms not built from word parts (6,7) Flashcards
erectile dysfunction (ED)
inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse (impotence)
hydrocele
fluid-filled sac around the testicle; causes scrotal swelling
phimosis
a tightness of the prepuce that prevents its retraction over the glans penis; circumcision is the usual treatment
priapism
persistent abnormal erection of the penis accompanied by pain and tenderness
prostate cancer
cancer of the prostate gland, usually occurring in men middle-aged and older
spermatocele
distention of the epididymis containing an abnormal cyst-like collection of fluid and sperm cells
testicular cancer
cancer of the testicle, usually occurring in men 15-35 years of age
testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to the testis; occurs most often during puberty and often presents with a sudden onset of severe testicular or scrotal pain; surgical emergency
variococele
enlarged veins of the spermatic cord; may cause scrotal swelling
ablation
destruction of abnormal or excessive tissue by melting, vaporizing, or eroding
circumcision
surgical removal of the prepuce (foreskin)
enucleation
excision of a whole organ or mass without cutting into it
hydrocelectomy
surgical removal of a fluid-filled sac around the testicle causing scrotal swelling (hydrocele)
laser surgery
use of a focused beam of light to excise or vaporize abnormal tissue and to control bleeding
morcellation
cutting or grinding solid tissue into smaller pieces for removal
MRI ultrasound fusion biopsy
combination of magnetic resonance imaging with transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to obtain a tissue from a prostate lesion. Software merges an existing MR image with live ultrasound images. The combined MRI-TRUS image is used to direct the biopsy needle into the area of prostate that looked sus
robotic surgery
use of small surgical instruments attached to a computer and operated by the surgeon from a console several feet from the operating table
transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP)
surgical procedure that widens the urethra by making a few small incisions in the bladder neck and the prostate gland. No prostate tissue is removed
transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)
treatment that eliminates excess tissue present in benign prostatic hyperplasia by using heat generataed by microwave
transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)
surgical removal of pieces of the prostate gland tissue by using an instrument inserted through the urethra. The capsule is left intact; usually performed when the enlarged prostate gland interferes with urination
multiparametric MRI
magnetic resonance imaging procedure providing info of anatomic structure and physiology for the staging of prostate cancer. Uses a combo of different MRI modalities to better understand the size and extent of prostate tumors
transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)
ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer. Sound waves are sent and received by a transducer probe that is placed into the rectum
prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
blood test that measures the level of prostate-specific antigen in the blood. Elevated test results may indicate the presence of prostate cancer, urinary or prostatic infection, or excess prostate tissue, as found in benign prostatic hyperplasia or prostatitis
semen analysis
microscopic observation of ejaculated semen, revealing the size, structure, and movement of sperm; used to evaluate male infertility and determine effectiveness of vasectomy
digital rectal examination (DRE)
physical examination in which the healthcare provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum and palpates the prostate through the rectal wall to determine the size, shape, and consistency of the gland, ; used to screen for BPH and prostate cancer
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
advanced, chronic immune system suppression caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); manifested by opportunistic infections
artificial insemination
introduction of washed and concentrated sperm into the female reproductive tract; used as a treatment for inferility
azoospermia
lack of live sperm in the semen
chlamydia
STD, caused by the bacterium C. trachomatis; sometimes referred to as a silent STD. Symptoms include painful urination and discharge, genital itching, etc.
coitus
sexual intercourse between male and female
ejaculation
ejection of semen from the male urethra
genital herpes
STD caused by herpes simplex virus type 2
gonorrhea
STD caused by a bacterial organism that inflames the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
STD caused by a retrovirus that infects T-helper cells of the immune system; may also be acquired in utero or transmitted through infected blood via needle sharing
infertility
reduced or absent ability to achieve pregnancy; generally defined after one year of frequent, unprotected coitus; may relate to male or female
sterilization
procedure that prevents pregnancy, either the ability of the female to conceive or the male to induce conception
syphilis
infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Rapidly spreads throughout the body, and if untreated becomes systemic and can progress through three stages separated by latent periods. Usually sexually transmitted by also in utero and direct contact with infected skin
trichomoniasis
STD caused by a one-cell organism Trichomonas. It infects the genitourinary tract. Men may be asymptomatic or may develop urethritis, an enlarged prostrate gland or epididymitis.
