Organs and Organ Systems

Question 1

intestines

Answer 1

where small food particles are delivered

Question 2

midgut

Answer 2

where nutrients are absorbed

surface area increases

Question 3

hindgut

Answer 3

large intestines

recovers ions and water and stores undigested waste as feces

Question 4

muscular rectum

Answer 4

expels feces

Question 5

villi

Answer 5

gut wall has folds that have projections

Question 6

microvilli

Answer 6

surface cells of villi have smaller projections

Question 7

blood vessels

Answer 7

underneath the villi and absorb nutrients

Question 8

liver

Answer 8

produces and secretes bile

Question 9

gallbladder

Answer 9

stores bile

Question 10

bile

Answer 10

covers and digests lipids

Question 11

heart

Answer 11

blood flow and pressure

Question 12

kidney

Answer 12

salts and volume

Question 13

lung

Answer 13

pH oxygen CO2

Question 14

pancreas

Answer 14

produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate solution

regulates glucose levels in the blood

Question 15

Macromolecules are broken down by digestive

enzymes

Answer 15

Proteases & peptidases,
Carbohydrases & glycosidases
lipases
nucleases

The intestines then absorb amino acids, lipids, sugars, and
nucleotides; along with other vitamins; all small molecules

Question 16

Proteases & peptidases

Answer 16

bonds of proteins to

get amino acids

Question 17

Carbohydrases & glycosidases

Answer 17

bonds of
polysaccharides to get simple sugars, mostly
glucose

Question 18

lipases

Answer 18

bonds of fats to get fatty acids

Question 19

nucleases

Answer 19

bonds of nucleic acids to get

nucleotides and bases

Question 20

hyperglycemia

Answer 20

If increase in blood glucose: insulin ^

leads to glucose uptake

Question 21

hypoglycemia

Answer 21

If decrease in blood glucose: glucagon ^

Leads to glucogenesis= conversion of glycogen to glucose