Ch 5: Cells

Question 1

prokaryotes

Answer 1

• Single cells
• No compartments (nucleus)
• Multiply by binary fission
• 1-10 uM

Question 2

order of protection for prokaryotes

Answer 2

• have a cell wall made up of peptidoglycans or proteoglycans
o proteins with sugars linked to some amino acids in the proteins
• after cell wall it’s the plasma membrane made up of phospholipids
• After plasma membrane, it’s the cytoplasm
o DNA in prokaryotes is in the cytoplasm, but is carefully packaged by proteins into the “nucleoid”

Question 3

eukaryotes

Answer 3

• Have compartments called organelles located in the cytoplasm such as
o Nucleus
o Mitochondria
o Golgi
• Are both single celled and multicellular
• 10-100um
• have a plasma membrane

Question 4

ECM

Answer 4

• outside of the membrane
o provides rigidity
o composed of fibers made up of collagen and proteoglycans

Question 5

Cytoskeleton

Answer 5

internal fibrous network
o helps with structure and movement and is made up of microfilaments (actin), intermediate filaments, and microtubules (tubulin)

Question 6

what is the biggest organelle

Answer 6

• nucleus is the biggest organelle and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope (phospholipids)