organisation - the digestive system Flashcards
what is a tissue?
a group of cells with a similar structure and function
what is an organ?
a group of tissues working together for a specific function
what is an example of an organ?
the stomach as it contains muscle tissue and glandular tissue which releases enzymes
what is an organ system?
a group of organs working together
what is an organ system?
a group of organ systems working together
what are the 3 main nutrients in food? what are they examples of?
carbohydrates, protein, lipids.
examples of large molecules
why can’t the 3 main nutrients not be absorbed by the bloodstream?
they are large molecules so are too large and needed to be digested
what happens during digestion?
large food molecules broken down into small molecules by enzymes. the small molecules can then be absorbed into the bloodstream
where is food first chewed? what do the enzymes in saliva do?
first the mouth, where saliva begin to digest the starch into smaller sugar molecules
where does the food go after the mouth? what do the enzymes do?
down the oesophagus into the stomach where the enzymes begin the digestion of proteins. stomach also contains hydrochloric acid which helps digest the proteins
what movement does the stomach do? what does this cause?
churning action of the stomach muscles turns the food into liquid increasing the surface area for the enzymes to digest
where does the fluid go after the stomach?
into the small intestine
what is released into the small intestine?
chemicals from the liver and pancreas
what does the pancreas release?
enzymes which contain digestion of starch and protein. also start digestion of lipids
what dos the liver release?
bile speeding up the digestion of lipids. also neutralises stomach acid
