organisation Flashcards
whats a tissue?
group of cells with similar structure and function
whats an enzyme?
protein thats a biological catalyst.
whats starch enzyme, product and where is it made?
amylase, simple sugar(glucose)
salivary glands, pancreas, small intestine
whats proteins enzyme, product and where is it made?
pepsin
amino acids
stomach, pancreas, small intestine
whats lipids enzyme, product, and where is it made?
lipases
fatty acids and glycerol
pancreas and small intestine
what are the products of digestion used for?
to build new carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, some glucose used for respiration
where is bile made and stored?
in the liver and stored in the gall bladder.
what does bile do?
neutralised stomach acids (HCL)
emulsifies fat to increase SA
what does the heart do?
its an organ that pumps blood around body in double circulatory system.
what pumps the blood to the lungs?
right ventricle
what pumps blood to the rest of the body?
left ventricle
structure of arteries?
muscular lining, so can handle high pressures from heart
vein structure?
middle layer has smooth muscle cells to allow vein to get wider or narrower as blood passes through
capillaries structure?
thin walls, no values or muscle tissue
what happens in coronary heart disease?
fatty material builds up, narrowing arteries, reduces blood flow preventing oxygen to heart
whats used to keep coronary arteries open? prevent bloody chloesterol
stents, statins
what do faulty heart values lead to?
heart failure, stroke, blood clots
different types of disease.
defects in immune system, more likely to suffer infectious diseases
viruses in cells can trigger cancer
immune reactions initally caused by pathogensc an trigger allergies
mentally illness can = depression
what can increase rate of disease?
lifestyle, environment
what are benign tumours?
growths of abnormal cells, dont invade other parts of body
what are malignant tumour cells?
cancer, invade neighbouring tissues, spread to different parts of body
what does the epidermal tissue do?
help prevent excess water loss and invasion by insects and microorganisms
whats the palisade mesophyll
were most photosynthesis occurs, have alot of chloroplats.
what does spongy mesophyll allow?
interchange of gases needed for photosynthesis
