bonding, structure and properties of matter

Question 1

what are the 3 types of strong chemical bonds?

Answer 1

ionic, covalent and metallic

Question 2

what are the particles for ionic bonding? covalent? metallic?

Answer 2

ionic- oppositely charged ions
covalent- atoms that share pairs of electrons
metallic- share delocalised electrons

Question 3

when does ionic bonding occur?

Answer 3

compounds formed from metals combined with non-metals

Question 4

when does covalent bonding occur?

Answer 4

most non-metallic elements in compounds of non-metals

Question 5

when does metallic bonding occur?

Answer 5

metallic elements and alloys.

Question 6

how do atoms become positively and negatively charged?

Answer 6

metal- lose electron to become positively charged
non-metals- gain electron to become negatively charged

Question 7

how do you respresent electron transfer during formation of ionic compound?

Answer 7

using dot and cross diagrams

Question 8

properties of ionic compounds?

Answer 8

held together by strong electrostatic forces, lattice structure, ionic bonding, giant structure

Question 9

covalent bonded substances properties?

Answer 9

small molecules, strong bonds, very large molecules (polymers), giant covalent structures eg diamond

Question 10

how can polymers be represented?

Answer 10

poly(alkene), n is a large number

Question 11

metals structure?

Answer 11

giant structure, regular pattern arrangement, outer shell electrons delocalised, strong bond

Question 12

ionic compounds structures?

Answer 12

regular structure, giant ionic lattices, strong electrostatic forces, high melting and boiling points,

Question 13

what happens when you dissolve or melt an ionic compound?

Answer 13

they can conduct electricity

Question 14

polymer properties?

Answer 14

large molecules, strong covalent bonds, strong intermolecular forces, solids at room temp

Question 15

metal properties?

Answer 15

giant structures, strong metallic bonds, high mp and bp.

Question 16

how are pure metals arranged?

Answer 16

layers, can be bent and shaped.

Question 17

why are metals good conductors of electricity?

Answer 17

delocalised electrons in metal carry electrical charge

Question 18

diamond structure?

Answer 18

carbon atom has 4 covalent bonds, giant covalent structure, very hard, high mp, doesnt conduct electricity

Question 19

graphite structure?

Answer 19

each carbon forms 3 covalent bonds, layers of hexagonal rings, no covalent bonds between layers, 1 electron from each carob delocalised.

Question 20

what is graphene?

Answer 20

single layer of graphite

Question 21

fullerenes molecules structure?

Answer 21

carbon atoms with hollow shapes, haxagonal rings of carbon, spherical shape or cylindrical.

Question 22

what are carbon nanotubes?

Answer 22

cylindrical fullerenes with high length to diameter ratios

Question 23

what are carbon nanotubes good for?

Answer 23

nanotechnology, electronics and materials

Question 24

nanoparticles structure?

Answer 24

high surface area to volume ratio

Question 25

what is nanoscience?

Answer 25

refers to structures that are 1-100nm in size

Question 26

what are nanoparticles used for?

Answer 26

medicine, electronics, cosmetics, sun creams, deodorants, catalysts.