Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Organelles I > Flashcards

Organelles I Flashcards

1
Q

Formation of Eukaryotes

A

Endosymbiosis of eubacteria with archeabacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Integral Proteins

A

Transmembrane.

Function as pores and receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Peripheral membrane proteins

A

extrinsic
Accessory proteins to the function of transmembrane proteins.
Act through a signal transduction pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Saccharides on Cell Membrane

A

attach to the lipid (glycolipid) or proteins (glycoproteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cisterna

A

Space between the inner and outer nuclear membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

translocating proteins

A

have nuclear export and import localization sequences which bind specifically to transport proteins that in turn interact with proteins of the pore complex for transfer across the nuclear envelope
- Active Transport. Big Molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nucleolus

A

Makes Ribosomal RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pars Amorpha

A

Organizer Region

- Conssit of DNA sequences coding for rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pars Fibrosa

A

Consists of primary rRNA transcripts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pars granulosa

A

Mature ribosomal subunits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nucleolonema

A

The pars fibrosa and pars granulosa.

Excludes pars amorpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Heterochromatin

A

Heavy Staining, show up dark.

Clumped DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Euchromatin

A

Light Staining.

unwound DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Plant Nucleotide Pairs

A

They have a lot more DNA due to the ability to perform photosynthesis.
Also, plants are sedentary and need genes that transcript for survival mechanisms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Amphibian Nucleotide Pairs

A

They have a lot genes because of their two lifestyles: Land and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Interphase

A

Period of growth between mitosis. G1, S, G2.

17
Q

Prophase

A

nucleus disappears and chromatin condense into chromosomes. Centrosomes migrate to opposite poles. Mitotic spindle forms

18
Q

metaphase

A

chromosomes further condense and align at the equatorial plane

19
Q

anaphase

A

sister chromosomes move toward spindle poles

20
Q

telophase

A

sister chromsomes arrive at the poles

21
Q

cytokinesis

A

cleavage furrow divides the cytoplasm and duplicated chromsomes into two daughter cells.

22
Q

Ribosomes

A

consist of a small and large subunit that come together by binding a mRNA strand.
Translation of proteins

23
Q

Free Ribosomes

A

synthesize proteins that stay in the cell

24
Q

Rough ER Ribosomes

A

synthesize proteins that are secreted out of the cell

25
Q

Functions of ER

A
  1. Cleavage of signal peptide
  2. Protein folding
  3. Attachment of oligosaccharides
  4. Smooth ER synthesize phospholipids, fats, and steroids
  5. Enzymes responsible for detoxification of drugs and other harmful substances
26
Q

Protein Folding in the RER

A
  1. Signal peptide is cleaved off
  2. Polypeptide is pushed into lumen of ER with chaperone proteins
  3. Proper folding and posttranslational modifications occur
  4. Misfolded proteins are translocated into cytosol and degraded.
27
Q

Glycosylation

A

Saccharide moieties are transferred onto polypeptide chain from glycoproteins

28
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts and packages proteins from the ER.

  • Continuous with the ER
  • Cis face is closest to RER
  • Trans face releases large vesicles with mature proteins
29
Q

COP-II

A

Protein that promotes forward movement from ER to Golgi

30
Q

COP-I

A

Protein that promotes retrograde movement of vesicles from Golgi to ER

31
Q

KDEL receptor

A

mediates the retrieval of misfolded proteins from the Golgi back to the ER

32
Q

cis Golgi Network

A

phosphorylation of oligosaccharides on lysosomal proteins

33
Q

cis cisterna

A

removal of mannose

34
Q

medial cisterna

A

removal of mannose and addition of n-acetylglucosamine

35
Q

trans cisterna

A

addition of galactose

36
Q

trans Golgi Network

A

Addition of n-acetylneutraminic acid NANA

& sorting

37
Q

Mannose-6-Phospate

A

Marker that is added during cis Golgi that determines segregation to lysosomes

38
Q

Lysomsomes

A
  • bind with other vesicles and create an acidic envirnoment

- acid hydrolases exhibit optimal enzymatic activity at pH 5

39
Q

Secondary Lysosomes

A

form from the fusion of a primary lysosome and another vesicle

Histology (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions