Epithelium and Glands

Question 1

4 Basic Tissue Types

Answer 1

1. Epithelium
2. Connective
3. muscle
4. Nervous

Question 2

Functions of Epithelia

Answer 2

1. Primary Function is a boundary layer through which movement of substances can be regulated; cover or line all body surfaces, except joint cavities
2. protection
3. line blood vessels
4. absorption
5. secretion
6. sensation
7. contractility

Question 3

Avascular

Answer 3

Epithelia is not innervated by blood vessels

- all nutrients must pass from blood vessels through underlying connective tissue, or lamina propria

Question 4

simple squamous

Answer 4

• Endothelium
• mesothelium
• parietal layer of bowmans capsule
• thin segment of loop of henle
• rete testis
• pulmonary alveoli

Question 5

Simple cuboidal

Answer 5

• Thyroid
• choriod plexus
• ducts of many glands
• inner surace of the capsule of the lens
• covering surface of ovary

Question 6

Simple Columnar

Answer 6

• surface epithelium of the stomach
• small and large intestine
• Gallbladder, excretory ducts of glands
• Uterus, oviducts
• Small bronchi of the lungs
• some paransal sinuses

Question 7

Pseudostratified columnar

Answer 7

• Falsely stratified
• Large excretory ducts of glands, portions of male urethra
• epididymis
• Trachea, bronchi
• Eustachian Tube

Question 8

Stratified squamous

Answer 8

• Based upon uppermost layer of cells
• Portions of tympanic cavity
• Buccal surface, esophagus, epiglotis, conjuctiva, cornea, vagine
• Epidermis of skin
• Gingiva, hard palate

Question 9

Stratified cuboidal

Answer 9

• Ducts of sweat glands

Question 10

Stratifed columnar

Answer 10

• cavernous urethra, fornix of conjunctiva, large excretory ducts of glands
• salivary gland duct

Question 11

Transitional Epithelium

Answer 11

• Uppermost layer can change shape

- Urinary system - Bladder

Question 12

Glandular epithelia

Answer 12

• Specialized function is secretion
• Parenchyma- The secretory cells of the gland
• Stroma- The connective tissue within the gland

Question 13

Endocrine

Answer 13

• Secretory product passes directly into blood stream

- ex. hormones

Question 14

exocrine

Answer 14

• Possess duct that convey the secretory product to the surface of the body or into the cavity of a hollow organ

Question 15

Acinus and Duct of Exocrine Glands

Answer 15

• Acinus- secretory portion

- Duct- conducting portion

Question 16

Classification of Exocrine Glands by Duct

Answer 16

• Simple- One unbranched duct

- Compound- Ducts Branch

Question 17

Classification of Exocrine Glands by Secretory Portion

Answer 17

Simple
- Tubular
- Branched Tubular
- Coiled Tubular
- Acinar
- Branched Acinar
Compund
- Tubular
- Acinar
- Tubuloacinar

Question 18

Serous vs Mucous

Answer 18

• Serous - Aqueous
• Mucous- mucinous glycoproteins
• Serous stains darker than mucous

Question 19

Merocrine Gland

Answer 19

Secretory vesicles bulge off

- most common

Question 20

Apocrine Glands

Answer 20

• Portion of the cell breaks off and is secreted

- mammary glands

Question 21

Holocrine Glands

Answer 21

• Whole cell is secreted, ruptures and releases contents

- Sebaceous glands of skin

Question 22

Microvilli

Answer 22

• Brush Border
• Filled with actin filaments
• Has a terminal end of actin
• Glycocalyx- cell coat

Question 23

Cilia

Answer 23

• Thicker brush appearance
• Longer than microvilli
• axoneme- made of microtubules, connected to basal body
• 9+2 arrangement of microtubules in axoneme

Question 24

Stereocilia

Answer 24

• in Ductus epididymis
• Long Skinny microvilli
• Have actin like microvilli
• no axoneme structure

Question 25

Microplicae

Answer 25

• help retain mucous in GI tract and other places