Organelles Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains DNA in organized masses called chromosomes

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2
Q

Chromosomes

A

Contain all of the material for the regeneration of the cell and instructions for the function of the cell; every organism contains a characteristic # of chromosomes specific to the species

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3
Q

Ribosomes

A

read the RNA produced in the nucleus and translate the genetic instructions to produce proteins; ^rate of protein synthesis have ^# of ribosomes

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4
Q

Rough ER

A

ribosomes cover membrane, responsible for protein synthesis and membrane production

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5
Q

Golgi Apparratus

A

Packaging, processing, and shipping, transports materials from ER throughout the cell

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6
Q

Lysosome

A

Intracellular digestion, packed with hydrolytic enzymes, can hydrolyze proteins, fats, sugars, and nucleic acids

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7
Q

Vacuoles

A

Membrane enclosed structures; through phagocytosis cells uptake food through the cell membrane creating a food vacuole

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8
Q

2 organelles that produce energy

A

Mitochondria-eukaryotic cells, site of cellular respiration

Chloroplasts- found in plants site of photosynthesis

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9
Q

Cellular membrane

A

most important component of the cell, protection, communication, passage of substances into/out of cell

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10
Q

Cellular membrane consists of

A

a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins

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11
Q

Selectively permeable cellular membrane

A

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules= bilayer creates a hydrophobic region between the two layers of lipids = semipermeable; proteins that pass completely through act as a transport highways for molecular movement into/out of cell

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12
Q

Smooth ER

A

lacks ribosomes, functions as detoxification and metabolism of multiple molecules

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