Organelles

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Contains DNA in organized masses called chromosomes

Question 2

Chromosomes

Answer 2

Contain all of the material for the regeneration of the cell and instructions for the function of the cell; every organism contains a characteristic # of chromosomes specific to the species

Question 3

Ribosomes

Answer 3

read the RNA produced in the nucleus and translate the genetic instructions to produce proteins; ^rate of protein synthesis have ^# of ribosomes

Question 4

Rough ER

Answer 4

ribosomes cover membrane, responsible for protein synthesis and membrane production

Question 5

Golgi Apparratus

Answer 5

Packaging, processing, and shipping, transports materials from ER throughout the cell

Question 6

Lysosome

Answer 6

Intracellular digestion, packed with hydrolytic enzymes, can hydrolyze proteins, fats, sugars, and nucleic acids

Question 7

Vacuoles

Answer 7

Membrane enclosed structures; through phagocytosis cells uptake food through the cell membrane creating a food vacuole

Question 8

2 organelles that produce energy

Answer 8

Mitochondria-eukaryotic cells, site of cellular respiration

Chloroplasts- found in plants site of photosynthesis

Question 9

Cellular membrane

Answer 9

most important component of the cell, protection, communication, passage of substances into/out of cell

Question 10

Cellular membrane consists of

Answer 10

a bilayer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins

Question 11

Selectively permeable cellular membrane

Answer 11

Phospholipids are amphipathic molecules= bilayer creates a hydrophobic region between the two layers of lipids = semipermeable; proteins that pass completely through act as a transport highways for molecular movement into/out of cell

Question 12

Smooth ER

Answer 12

lacks ribosomes, functions as detoxification and metabolism of multiple molecules