A&P 3 Flashcards
Skeletal muscles also called
Voluntary muscles
Skeletal muscles work in
pairs: the muscle that executes a given movement is a prime mover, muscle that produces opposite movement is the antagonist
Synergists
work in cooperation with the prime mover
Flexors
reduce the angle at the joint
Extensors
increases the angle at the joint
Abductors
draw a limb away from the midline
Adductors
return the limb back toward the body
Nervous system consists of
brain, spinal cord, and the nerves
All actions of the nervous system depend on
the transmission of nerve impulses over neurons, or nerve cells, the functional units of the nervous system
Parts of the neuron
cell body, axon (away from cell body), dendrites (toward)
PNS consists of
all the nerves that transmit nerve impulses to and from the CNS
Sensory
(afferent) neurons transmit nerve impulses toward the CNS
Motor
(efferent) neurons transmit nerve impulses away from CNS to effector organs
Cerebrum
associated with movement and sensory input
Cerebellum
responsible for muscle coordination
Medulla Oblongata
controls many vital functions
Spinal cord
approx. 18 inches long and extends from base of skull (foramen magnum) to the first or second lumbar vertebra (L1 or L2)
How many pairs of spinal nerves exit the spinal cord
31
Simple (spinal) reflexes
nerve impulses travel trough the spinal cord only and dont reach the brain
