Org and national culture ch 2

Question 1

Artifacts in org culture

Answer 1

1, Observable symbols and signs of culture
2. Physical structures, ceremonies, language, stories
3. Maintain and transmit organization’s culture

(Not easy to decipher artifacts – need many of them)

Question 2

artifacts of org culture ex:

Answer 2

1. Physical structures
2. Language
3. Rituals & ceremonies
4. Stories and ledgends

Question 3

Org culture is

Answer 3

shared values and assumptions

Question 4

Function of subcultures

Answer 4

1. provide surveillance and critique, ethics
2. source of emerging values

Question 5

Organizational Socialization is

Answer 5

The process by which individuals learn the values, expected behaviors, and social knowledge necessary to assume their roles in the organization.

Question 6

Org socialisation stages

Answer 6

1. Anticipatory Socialization
2. Accommodation
3. Role management

Question 7

1. Anticipatory socialization is

Answer 7

forming expectations about jobs and making decisions about employment

learning that occurs prior to joining the organization

• Anticipating realities about the organization and the new job
• Anticipating organization’s needs for one’s skills and abilities

Question 8

2. Accommodation

Answer 8

the individual sees what the organization actually looks like and attempts to become
a participating member of it

Encounter values, skills, and attitudes start to shift as new recruit discovers what the organization is truly like

• Managing lifestyle-versus-work conflicts
• Managing intergroup role conflicts
• Seeking role definition and clarity
• Becoming familiar with task and group dynamics

Question 9

3. Role Management

Answer 9

need to mediate the conflicts between the individual’s work in their own group and
other groups that may place demands on them

recruit masters skills and roles and adjusts to work group’s values and norms

• competing role demands are resolved
• Critical tasks are mastered
• Group norms and values are internalized

Question 10

1. Assimilation

Answer 10

Acquired company embraces acquiring firm’s cultural values

Question 11

2.Deculturation

Answer 11

Acquiring firm imposes its culture on unwilling acquired firm

Question 12

3. Integration

Answer 12

Cultures combined into a new composite culture

Question 13

Separation

Answer 13

Merging companies remain separate with their own culture

Question 14

Countries exhibiting high Uncertainty Avoidance

Answer 14

maintain rigid codes of belief and behaviour and are intolerant
of unorthodox behaviour and ideas. In these cultures there is an emotional need for rules (even if the rules never seem to work)
In cross-cultural psychology, uncertainty avoidance is a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. It
reflects the extent to which members of a society attempt to cope with anxiety by minimizing uncertainty

Question 15

adaptation to new enviroments involves…

Answer 15

• learning new values
• Processing infromation in new ways
• Working within established norms, customs and rituals

Question 16

Athropologists propose that culture is

Answer 16

• learned
• defines the boundaries of different groups

Question 17

Culture;
- Invloves
- includes
- created

Answer 17

-Involves assumptions, adaptations, perception and learning
- Includes symbols, language, ideologies, rituals and myths
- creates pattern of beliefs, values, expectations

Question 18

Hofstedes cultural dimensions

Answer 18

1. short/long term orientation
2. Individualism
3. Uncertainty avoidance
4. Masculinity vs femininity
5. Power distance

Question 19

National culture is the sum of

Answer 19

beliefs, rituals, rules, customes, artifacts and institutions that characterise the population of a nation

Question 20

societies values impact organizational values because of

Answer 20

the interactive nature of work, leisure, family and community

Question 21

values are

Answer 21

the guidelines and beliefs that a person uses when in a situation in which a choice must be made