Introduction ch 1

Question 1

1. Open Systems Perspective

Answer 1

Effective orgs: maintain a close fit with changing conditions + transform inputs to outputs efficiently and flexibly.

Orgs are complex systems that live within + depend upon the external environment.

(This perspective lays the foundation for the other 3 perspectives.)

Question 2

2. Organisational Learning Perspective

Answer 2

Org’s capacity to acquire, share, use & store valuable knowledge.
Stock: intellectual capital
Flow: org learning processes of acquisition, sharing and use

Question 3

3. High-Performance Work Practices Perspective

Answer 3

Internal systems + structures that are associated with successful companies.
- Employees = competitive advantage
- Value of employees increased through specific practices
- Maximum benefit when org practices are bundled

Question 4

Challenges with stakeholder perspective

Answer 4

-Stakeholders have conflicting interests
- Firms have limited resources

Question 5

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

Answer 5

• Benefit society and environment beyond the firm’s immediate financial interests or legal obligations
• Organization’s contract with society
• Triple bottom line
  Economy
  Society
  Environment

Question 6

Ethics

Answer 6

Moral principles/values, determine whether actions are right/wrong and outcomes are good or bad

Question 7

HPWP include: (umstritten)

Answer 7

• Employee involvement + job autonomy
• Employee competence (training, selection …)
• Performance-based rewards

Question 8

Intellectual capital

Answer 8

1. Human- knowledge possessed/generated
2. Structual- Knowledge captured in systems + structures
3. Relationship- Value derived from satisfied customers, reliable suppliers…

Question 9

Lockheed Martin “ideal” employer, why?

Answer 9

• Pays attention to many stakeholders
• value and ethic based decision making
• strong emphasis on corporate social responsability

Question 10

Measure effectiveness before

Answer 10

goal oriented

Question 11

Measure effectiveness new aprroach:

Answer 11

1. Open Systems Perspective
2. Organisational Learning Perspective
3. High-Performance Work Practices Perspective
4. Stakeholder Perspective

Question 12

Ob is the study of ?

Answer 12

people think + feel + do in and around orgs

Question 13

Org learning process

Answer 13

1. Knowledge acquisition: extracting info + ideas from its environment + insight
   - Hiring skilled staff
2. Knowledge sharing: distributing knowledge throughout the org
   - Posting case studies on intranet
3. Knowledge use: applying knowledge to org processes to improve the org’s effectiveness
   - Giving staff freedom to try out ideas

Question 14

Org memory

Answer 14

Storage+preservation of intellectual capital
Successful companies also unlearn
Retain Intellectual capital by:
1. Keeping knowledgeable employees
2. Transferring knowledge to others
3. Transferring human capital to structural capital

Question 15

Organisation is

Answer 15

A groups of people who work interdependently toward some purpose

Question 16

Stakeholder Perspective

Answer 16

any entity who affects / is affected by the firm’s objectives and actions. Personalises the open system persepective.

Question 17

twist hawthorn studies

Answer 17

effect of illumination on worker output:
- Workers produced more merely by being observed and studied
- Social pressures + group norms could increase / restrict Q - Some contend fear of job loss was a factor

Question 18

Value and ethics prioritise

Answer 18

Stakeholder interets

Question 19

values

Answer 19

Stable, evaluative beliefs, guide preferences for outcomes or courses of action in various situations