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MSS - GI Exam 1 > Oral Cavity and Salivary Glands > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Salivary Glands Flashcards

1
Q

GI tract

A

oral cavity to anus and associated glands

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2
Q

GI tract function

A

digestion and absorption

  • occurs outside of body
  • food converted to absorbable substances

absorption occurs after digestion

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3
Q

oral cavity functions?

A

ingestion
mastication
deglutition

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4
Q

alimentary canal

A

small and large intestines

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5
Q

deglutition

A

swallowing

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6
Q

digestion and absorption

A

in alimentary canal

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7
Q

elimination

A

at rectum and anus

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8
Q

palatoglossal folds

A

posterior body of oral cavity

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9
Q

palate

A

roof of oral cavity

-hard and soft palate

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10
Q

lips

A

anterior border of oral cavity

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11
Q

oral cavity mucosa?

A

stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium

underlying connecting tissue

lots of abrasive force, so we have stratified squamous
-also, wet - not cornified**

and underlying connective tissue

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12
Q

parakeratinized

A

stratified squamous epithelium

  • extra thickened layer of cell
  • because there is more abrasive force

not true cornified layer

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13
Q

salivary glands

A

major:
parotid
submandibular
sublingual

minor - also present

all deliver saliva to oral mucosa

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14
Q

salivary amylase

A

breaks down carbohydrates

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15
Q

contents of saliva

A 
salivary amylase
lactoferrin and lysozymes
secretory immunoglobulins (IgA)

water soluble

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16
Q

lactoferrin and lysozymes

A

attack bacterial antigens

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17
Q

secretory immunoglobulin in saliva

A

IgA

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18
Q

parotid gland

A

serous

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19
Q

submandibular gland

A

serous and mucous

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20
Q

sublingual gland

A

primarily mucous

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21
Q

minor glands

A

add to saliva production

-located in CT of oral mucosa

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22
Q

bolus

A

formed in mouth

  • 2cm diameter
  • pushed by tongue into pharynx for swallowing
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23
Q

parotid gland

A

largest of salivary gland
-25% of salivary volume

compound tubulo-acinar gland

significant adipose tissue within gland

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24
Q

primary product of parotid gland

A

salivary amylase

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25
Q

submandibular gland

A

70% of saliva (with sublingual)
-mixed, mucous and serous

contains serous demilunes (crescent half moon shape) - product of cell fixation

serous cells - salivary amylase
mucous cells - secrete mucins

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26
Q

sublingual gland

A

mixed gland
-largely mucous

contains serous cells, mucous cells, and serous demilunes

products same as submandibular

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27
Q

minor salivary glands

A

only 5% of total salivary production

-in CT elements of oral mucosa throughout oral cavity

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28
Q

lips in three regions

A

external aspect
vermillion zone - colored area
internal aspect

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29
Q

external aspect of lip

A

covered with normal thin skin

continuous with vermillion zone

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30
Q

vermillion zone

A

pink region of lips
extensive dermal papillae
capillary loops impart colors
no hair or sweat gland

need to wet lips with tongue

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31
Q

internal aspect of lip

A

always wet
stratified squamous wet epithelium
-dense, irregular CT underlying
-lots of minor salivary glands

32
Q

internal vs external aspect of lip?

A

external has cornified layer and hair follicles

internal not cornified

33
Q

deciduous teeth

A

20
-as children
milk teeth

34
Q

permanent teeth

A

32 teeth
20 succedaneous teeth
12 molars

evenly distributed between maxilla and mandible

35
Q

crown of tooth

A

visible portion

36
Q

root of tooth

A

housed within alveolus

37
Q

cervix of tooth

A

between crown and root

38
Q

alveolus

A

bony socket where tooth sits

39
Q

tooth composition

A

3 calcified substances

  • enamel - external
  • dentin - middle
  • cementum - role of cementing tooth into alveolus
40
Q

ameloblast

A

produce enamel (hardest substance in body)

-will go away after a while

41
Q

odontoblast

A

produce dentin

-won’t go away

42
Q

pulp space

A

inside tooth

has pulp chamber and root canal

43
Q

apical foramen

A

opening of root canal

-for passage of blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves into pulp chamber

44
Q

gingiva

A

gums

45
Q

periodontal ligament

A

dense collagenous CT tissue which bonds tooth into pocket

46
Q

gingiva

A

mucous membrane exposed to strenuous forces

  • stratified squamous epithelium
  • partially or fully keratinized

dense irregular CT
-type I collagen fibers

47
Q

as gingiva epithelium approaches tooth

A

curves and proceeds toward root tip
-attached to enamel surface by hemidesmosomes**

-barrier between oral cavity and gingival CT

48
Q

hard palate

A

oral and nasal cavities separated by hard and soft palate

hard is anterior

49
Q

hard palate composition?

A

stratified squamous epithelium
-cornified or partially cornified

dense irregular collagenous CT

anteriorly - adipose cells
posteriorly - minor salivary glands

50
Q

soft palate

A

posterior aspect of oral cavity

  • no bone
  • core of skeletal muscle

stratified squamous noncornified epithelium

dense irregular CT
-minor mucous salivary glands

51
Q

uvula

A

punching bag

  • posterior extension of soft palate (same histology)
  • stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium

mix of serous and seromucous glands and muscular tissue

52
Q

function of uvula

A

speech - create several gluttural sounds
-slavic and german languages (not really english)

swallowing - prevents reflux into nasal cavity

53
Q

tongue

A

intertwined mass of skeletal muscle

  • two groups of muscle
  • extrinsic - insertion outside oral cavity
  • intrinsic - contained in the tongue
54
Q

intrinsic muscles of tongue

A

superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse

55
Q

glands of nuhn

A

mucous gland of tongue

56
Q

von ebners glands

A

serous glands of tongue

57
Q

regions of tongue

A

anterior 2/3
posterior 1/3

separated by sulcus terminalis
-has deep concavity

58
Q

foramen cecum

A

deep invagination at sulcus terminalis

59
Q

lingual papillae

A 
anterior 2/3 of dorsal tongue
-classified into four types:
filiform
fungiform
circumvallate
foliate

-all anterior to sulcus terminalis

60
Q

filiform papillae

A

slender structures

  • velvety appearance of dorsal surface
  • stratified squamous cornified epithelium
function in scraping food off of surface
-no taste buds
61
Q

fungiform papillae

A

resemble mushrooms

  • stratified squamous non-cornified
  • distributed along filiform papillae (red dots)
  • have subepithelial capillaries

-have taste buds

62
Q

circumvallate papillae

A

8-12 in V shaped anterior to sulcus terminalis

  • surrounded by epithelially lined groove
  • von ebener gland opens into groove
63
Q

fungiform papillae taste buds?

A

dorsal surface

64
Q

circumvallate papillae taste buds?

A

lateral surface

65
Q

von ebners gland

A

in circumvallate papillae

-to remove food so we can taste things better

66
Q

foliate papillae

A

posterolateral aspect of tongue

  • taste buds in neonate
  • degenerate by year 2 or 3
  • slender ducts of serous minor salivary glands empty into base of furrows glands
67
Q

taste buds

A

intraepithelial sensory organs
-3000 on surface of tongue

not on filiform

clusters of 60-80 cells

  • have apical pore through which microvilli extend
  • sensory absorptive structures
68
Q

three cells types of taste buds?

A

gustatory (neuroepithelial)
basal cell
sustentacular - supportive

each cell type has long, slender microvilli called taste hairs that protrude from taste pore

69
Q

basal cells

A

regenerate cells of taste buds

70
Q

ion channel taste?

A

salty and sour

71
Q

membrane receptor taste?

A

sweet
bitter
savory (umami)

72
Q

taste buds?

A

all discern all 5 sensations

-each taste bud specializes in one type of mechanism

73
Q

bitter and umami on tongue?

A

posterior dorsal surface

74
Q

sour on tongnue?

A

lateral middle of tongue

75
Q

salty on tongue?

A

lateral beginning of tongue

76
Q

sweet on tongue?

A

middle beginning of tongue

77
Q

need what for complex taste?

A

olfaction sensation

MSS - GI Exam 1 (11 decks)

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