Oral Cavity and Salivary Glands Flashcards
1
Q
GI tract
A
oral cavity to anus and associated glands
2
Q
GI tract function
A
digestion and absorption
- occurs outside of body
- food converted to absorbable substances
absorption occurs after digestion
3
Q
oral cavity functions?
A
ingestion
mastication
deglutition
4
Q
alimentary canal
A
small and large intestines
5
Q
deglutition
A
swallowing
6
Q
digestion and absorption
A
in alimentary canal
7
Q
elimination
A
at rectum and anus
8
Q
palatoglossal folds
A
posterior body of oral cavity
9
Q
palate
A
roof of oral cavity
-hard and soft palate
10
Q
lips
A
anterior border of oral cavity
11
Q
oral cavity mucosa?
A
stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium
underlying connecting tissue
lots of abrasive force, so we have stratified squamous
-also, wet - not cornified**
and underlying connective tissue
12
Q
parakeratinized
A
stratified squamous epithelium
- extra thickened layer of cell
- because there is more abrasive force
not true cornified layer
13
Q
salivary glands
A
major:
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
minor - also present
all deliver saliva to oral mucosa
14
Q
salivary amylase
A
breaks down carbohydrates
15
Q
contents of saliva
A
salivary amylase lactoferrin and lysozymes secretory immunoglobulins (IgA)
water soluble
16
Q
lactoferrin and lysozymes
A
attack bacterial antigens
17
Q
secretory immunoglobulin in saliva
A
IgA
18
Q
parotid gland
A
serous
19
Q
submandibular gland
A
serous and mucous
20
Q
sublingual gland
A
primarily mucous
21
Q
minor glands
A
add to saliva production
-located in CT of oral mucosa
22
Q
bolus
A
formed in mouth
- 2cm diameter
- pushed by tongue into pharynx for swallowing
23
Q
parotid gland
A
largest of salivary gland
-25% of salivary volume
compound tubulo-acinar gland
significant adipose tissue within gland
24
Q
primary product of parotid gland
A
salivary amylase
25
submandibular gland
70% of saliva (with sublingual)
-mixed, mucous and serous
contains serous demilunes (crescent half moon shape) - product of cell fixation
serous cells - salivary amylase
mucous cells - secrete mucins
26
sublingual gland
mixed gland
-largely mucous
contains serous cells, mucous cells, and serous demilunes
products same as submandibular
27
minor salivary glands
only 5% of total salivary production
| -in CT elements of oral mucosa throughout oral cavity
28
lips in three regions
external aspect
vermillion zone - colored area
internal aspect
29
external aspect of lip
covered with normal thin skin
| continuous with vermillion zone
30
vermillion zone
pink region of lips
extensive dermal papillae
capillary loops impart colors
no hair or sweat gland
need to wet lips with tongue
31
internal aspect of lip
always wet
stratified squamous wet epithelium
-dense, irregular CT underlying
-lots of minor salivary glands
32
internal vs external aspect of lip?
external has cornified layer and hair follicles
internal not cornified
33
deciduous teeth
20
-as children
milk teeth
34
permanent teeth
32 teeth
20 succedaneous teeth
12 molars
evenly distributed between maxilla and mandible
35
crown of tooth
visible portion
36
root of tooth
housed within alveolus
37
cervix of tooth
between crown and root
38
alveolus
bony socket where tooth sits
39
tooth composition
3 calcified substances
- enamel - external
- dentin - middle
- cementum - role of cementing tooth into alveolus
40
ameloblast
produce enamel (hardest substance in body)
-will go away after a while
41
odontoblast
produce dentin
-won't go away
42
pulp space
inside tooth
has pulp chamber and root canal
43
apical foramen
opening of root canal
| -for passage of blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves into pulp chamber
44
gingiva
gums
45
periodontal ligament
dense collagenous CT tissue which bonds tooth into pocket
46
gingiva
mucous membrane exposed to strenuous forces
- stratified squamous epithelium
- partially or fully keratinized
dense irregular CT
-type I collagen fibers
47
as gingiva epithelium approaches tooth
curves and proceeds toward root tip
-attached to enamel surface by hemidesmosomes**
-barrier between oral cavity and gingival CT
48
hard palate
oral and nasal cavities separated by hard and soft palate
hard is anterior
49
hard palate composition?
stratified squamous epithelium
-cornified or partially cornified
dense irregular collagenous CT
anteriorly - adipose cells
posteriorly - minor salivary glands
50
soft palate
posterior aspect of oral cavity
- no bone
- core of skeletal muscle
stratified squamous noncornified epithelium
dense irregular CT
-minor mucous salivary glands
51
uvula
punching bag
- posterior extension of soft palate (same histology)
- stratified squamous non-cornified epithelium
mix of serous and seromucous glands and muscular tissue
52
function of uvula
speech - create several gluttural sounds
-slavic and german languages (not really english)
swallowing - prevents reflux into nasal cavity
53
tongue
intertwined mass of skeletal muscle
- two groups of muscle
- extrinsic - insertion outside oral cavity
- intrinsic - contained in the tongue
54
intrinsic muscles of tongue
superior longitudinal
inferior longitudinal
vertical
transverse
55
glands of nuhn
mucous gland of tongue
56
von ebners glands
serous glands of tongue
57
regions of tongue
anterior 2/3
posterior 1/3
separated by sulcus terminalis
-has deep concavity
58
foramen cecum
deep invagination at sulcus terminalis
59
lingual papillae
```
anterior 2/3 of dorsal tongue
-classified into four types:
filiform
fungiform
circumvallate
foliate
```
-all anterior to sulcus terminalis
60
filiform papillae
slender structures
- velvety appearance of dorsal surface
- stratified squamous cornified epithelium
```
function in scraping food off of surface
-no taste buds
```
61
fungiform papillae
resemble mushrooms
- stratified squamous non-cornified
- distributed along filiform papillae (red dots)
- have subepithelial capillaries
-have taste buds
62
circumvallate papillae
8-12 in V shaped anterior to sulcus terminalis
- surrounded by epithelially lined groove
- von ebener gland opens into groove
63
fungiform papillae taste buds?
dorsal surface
64
circumvallate papillae taste buds?
lateral surface
65
von ebners gland
in circumvallate papillae
| -to remove food so we can taste things better
66
foliate papillae
posterolateral aspect of tongue
- taste buds in neonate
- degenerate by year 2 or 3
- slender ducts of serous minor salivary glands empty into base of furrows glands
67
taste buds
intraepithelial sensory organs
-3000 on surface of tongue
not on filiform
clusters of 60-80 cells
- have apical pore through which microvilli extend
- sensory absorptive structures
68
three cells types of taste buds?
gustatory (neuroepithelial)
basal cell
sustentacular - supportive
each cell type has long, slender microvilli called taste hairs that protrude from taste pore
69
basal cells
regenerate cells of taste buds
70
ion channel taste?
salty and sour
71
membrane receptor taste?
sweet
bitter
savory (umami)
72
taste buds?
all discern all 5 sensations
| -each taste bud specializes in one type of mechanism
73
bitter and umami on tongue?
posterior dorsal surface
74
sour on tongnue?
lateral middle of tongue
75
salty on tongue?
lateral beginning of tongue
76
sweet on tongue?
middle beginning of tongue
77
need what for complex taste?
olfaction sensation
