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MSS - GI Exam 1 > Abdominal Organs I > Flashcards

Abdominal Organs I Flashcards

1
Q

esophagus

A

long muscular tube that transports food
-pharynx to stomach

passes diaphragm at TV10 and enters stomach at TV11

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2
Q

esophageal diaphragmatic hiatus

A

TV10

-where esophagus enters abdomen

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3
Q

phrenicoesophageal ligaments

A

attach diaphragm to esophagus

  • allow for independent movement
  • prevent herniation of esophagus into thorax

superior and inferior portions

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4
Q

mesoesophagus

A

mesentery of esophagus

only associated with abdominal portion of esophagus

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5
Q

z-line

A

stratified squamous to the tall columnar epithelium from esophagus to stomach

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6
Q

constrictions of esophagus

A

cervical
thoracic
diaphragmatic

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7
Q

cervical constriction

A

of esophagus

-due to cricopharyngeus muscle

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8
Q

thoracic constriction

A

of esophagus

-due to arch of aorta and left primary bronchus

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9
Q

diaphragmatic constriction

A

of esophagus

  • due to diaphragm
  • forms physiological inferior esophageal sphincter
  • prevents reflux of food and acid to esophagus
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10
Q

esophageal varices

A

porto-caval anastomisis pathology

  • portal HTN causes backflow
  • large dilated beins in the esophagus

can rupture and bleed heavliy

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11
Q

artery to esophagus

A

left gastric artery

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12
Q

veins of esophagus

A

left gastric vein

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13
Q

lymph drainage of esophagus

A

left gastric lymph nodes to celiac lymph nodes

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14
Q

hiatal hernias

A

herniation of esophagus or stomach through esophageal hiatus at diaphram

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15
Q

paraesophageal

A

FUNDUS of stomach heriates through esophageal hiatus anteiror to esophagus
-fundus of stomach may strangulate

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16
Q

sliding

A

weakening of phrenicoesophageal ligaments allowing CARDIAC region of stomach to herniate into thorax

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17
Q

stomach

A

accumulates and enzymatically digests food materials
-usually J shaped and in left upper quadrant (this is variable)

breaks food into chyme that is moved into small intestine

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18
Q

peritoneum of stomach?

A

fully peritonealized

lesser curvature - lesser omentum
-hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric ligaments

greater curvature - greater omentum

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19
Q

regions of stomach

A

cardiac - receives esophagus (sliding hernia)
fundus - just under diaphragm (paraesophageal heria)
body - largest portion
pyloric - antrum to canal - to sphincter

lesser curvature
greater curvature

20
Q

stomach bed

A 
lie posterior and inferior to stomach
diaphragm
spleen
left kidney and suprarenal gland
pancreas
transverse colon and transverse mesocolon
21
Q

external features

A

-

22
Q

-

A

-

23
Q

-

A

-

24
Q

-

A

-

25
Q

-

A

-

26
Q

-

A

-

27
Q

-

A

-

28
Q

layers of stomach wall

A

serosa (outer)

muscular

  • inner circular
  • outer longitudinal

mucosa (inner)

  • folds called region
  • different areas of stomach have very different mucosa
29
Q

stomach artery supply

A

receives blood supply from all three celiac trunk branches

30
Q

lesser curvature

A

gastric arch of arteries

right and left gastric arteries

  • right is branch of proper hepatic artery
  • left is direct branch of celiac trunk
31
Q

greater curvature

A

gastroepiploic arch of arteries

right and left gastroepiploic arteries

  • right is branch of gastroduodenal artery
  • left is branch of splenic artery
32
Q

venous drainage of stomach?

A

vena comitantes that drain to portal vein

33
Q

fundus region of stomach blood supply

A

short gastric arteries from splenic artery

34
Q

lymph drainage of stomach

A

gastric lymph nodes along lesser curvature
gastroepiploic lymph nodes along greater curvature

both to celiac lymph nodes

35
Q

duodenum

A

absorption of nutrients

  • first part of small intestine
  • about 12 inches long
  • C shaped, courses along head of pancreas
36
Q

division of duodenum

A

superior (first) part - aka bulb
descending (second) part
horizontal (third) part
asacending (fourth) part

37
Q

peritoneum of duodenum?

A

part 1 is peritonealized

part 2,3,4 are retroperitoneal
-except very last part of part 4

38
Q

first part of duodenum

A

anterior to LV1

-associated with hepatoduodenal ligament

39
Q

second part of duodenum

A

along right side of LV1 to LV3
major duodenal papilla
minor duodenal papilla

40
Q

major duodenal papilla

A

-

41
Q

minor duodenal papilla

A

-

42
Q

third part of duodenum

A

transverse portion from right to left at LV3

43
Q

fourth part of duodenum

A

ascends to left of vertebral column from LV3 to LV2

duodenojejunal flexure - where duodenum is continuous with jejunum

suspensory ligament of treitz supports duodeojejunal flexure

44
Q

duodena flexure

A

where duodenum is continuous with jejunum

45
Q

suspensory ligament of treitz

A

supports duodenal jejunum flexure

-extension of diaphragm muscle

MSS - GI Exam 1 (11 decks)

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