Optics Flashcards
How do you see colours
White light hits an object, all the colours are absorbed except Defoe the colour you see it reflects
How does light travel
Straight line
What is light
Form of energy that can be detected by the human eye.
What is visible light
A mixture of all the colours of the rainbow
What do colours have different amounts of
Energy
How can light be understood
Using wave model
Who was the first person to measure speed of light. What is it
Albert Michelson.
1000000000 km/h
What does light and sound travel in
Waves
What is lightning
Burst of electrons come out of a cloud
How do you calculate how far away lighting is
Multiply seconds between strikes in a row by speed of the sound
How long does light take to reach us from space
Thousands of years. Sometimes by the time we see it it’s already dead
What are some technology we use that use light
Microscope, telescope, periscope,binoculars, fibre optics, camera
What colours does white light contain
All
What on the skin of a fruit reflects colours
Chemicals
What are lasers
Beams of very intense light
Why are there colours in soap bubbles
Colour waves bumping into each other
Why is the sky blue
Air particles scatter the sun light, there are more blue ones so we see blue
What are the differences with white and black
White: reflect all colours
Black: absorb all colours
What sort of waves and frequency does red light have
Long slow waves, low frequency, low energy
What sort of waves and frequency does blue light have
Short fast waves, high frequency, high energy
How many colours are lasers
Only one colour so you can’t break it
What happens when a laser is shown through a prism
It refracts but does not disperse
What do wave models explain
That light is a type of wave that travels through empty space, and transfers energy from one place to another.
What are the parts of a wave called
Peak, troph, wavelength
What is frequency
The number of repetitive motions that pass a point,
What happens with the larger the amplitude
Greater energy
What is a wave length
Distance from peak to peak or trouph to trouph
What do longer wavelengths do
They refract the least
What do short wavelengths mean
High frequency
What do high wave lengths mean
Low frequency
What are the properties of visible light
Light travels in a straight line Light reflects Light refracts Light disperses Light travels through a vacuum Light travels through objects to different degrees
What is refracting
When light travels through a substance and bends then continues in a straight line
What is visible light spectrum
Can be seen due to dispersion of light through a prism
What are the constituent colours of white light
Red, yellow, orange, green, blue, indigo, violet
What colour has smallest refraction
Red
What colour has the largest refraction
Violet
Types of electro magnetic radiation
Radio waves Microwaves Infrared Ultra violet X rays Gamma rays
Radio waves
Lowest energy and frequency
Pros improved tele communication
Cons uncertain of long term affects
Microwave
Highest frequency for radio waves
Infrared
Lower energy and frequency
Ultra violet
High frequency and energy
Pros treats jaundice in babies
Cons skin cancer
X Rays
Higher frequency than UV
Pros medical detection
Cons over exposed can cause cancer
Gamma rays
Have highest frequency and shortest wave length
What can happen when light hits something
Can be reflected bent or absorbed
What lights control tvs
Infrared
What does the way light is curved affect
How it bends
What angle does light reflect
The angle it was hit with
Concave
Image will be upside down
Will diverge light
Convex
Magnifying
Focusing
What happens when light is absorbed
Turns to heat
What are the 2 cells in the retina
Cones : colour
Rods: black / night
What are the 3 different visibility rates
Opaque can’t see through
Translucent cloudy
Transparent clear
Virtual image
When you can focus on something on a concave lens but not on a screen.
How do eyes see stuff
Light reflects of of an object into our eyes, through the lens where it turns upside down, then to the retina where it turns right side up, then to the optic nerve to the brain
