Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Nutrition And Digestion > Flashcards

Nutrition And Digestion Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What is a sphincter

A

Strong muscles that stops acid from leaving stomach. Also controls what goes in and out of stomach.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Structure and function of the stomach

A

A muscular sac that excretes hydrochloric acid and pepsin. Has a mucus layer to protect from stomach acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the names of the sphincters

A 
Anal sphincter 
Odi sphincter 
Pyloric sphincter 
Esophageal sphincter (AKA Cardiac sphincter)
Auodenal sphincter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the different muscles of the stomach (other than sphincters)

A

Longitudinal, circular, oblique muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What makes pepsin special

A

Pepsin is only enzyme that works in an acidic environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the different parts of the small intestine

A

Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the duodenum

A

80% of break down done in duodenum. First part of small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the the jejunum

A

The jejunum is in the middle of the small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the ileum

A

The ileum is the final part of the small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the main purpose of the large intestine (colon)

A

The re absorption of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the last part of the large intestine

A

Caecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Do humans have a use for an appendix

A

Humans have no use for an appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the different parts of the large intestine

A 
Ascending colon
Right flexture 
Transverse colon
Left colic flexture 
Descending colon
Sigmad colon 
Retum
Anal canal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What gets absorbed in large intestine

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are vitamins produced

A

Large intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What form are digestion enzymes

A

Liquid form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does bacteria do in large intestine

A

Bacteria dissolves the non digested nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are accessory organs

A

Organs that help with digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the accessory organs

A

Liver
Pancreas
Common bile duct
Gall bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does a liver do

A

To purify toxic materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does a pancreas do

A

Produces digestive enzymes

Also produces incline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does incline do

A

Metabolizes sugar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does a common bile duct do

A

Filters blood

Produces bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does bile do

A

Bile breaks down oil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does a gull bladder do

A

If stores bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Are nutrients necessary to the human body

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a nutrient

A

Any chemical element or compound that is essential for normal growth, functioning, maintenance, and reproduction of an organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

How many major nutrient groups exist

A

6

7 if you count fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the 2 ways of classifying nutrients

A

Those are that provide energy

Those that support metabolic processes in our body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why are the essential nutrients essential

A

Because they can not be synthesized by the body

30
Q

Name the essential nutrients

A 
Proteins 
Carbohydrates 
Fats and oils 
Minerals 
Vitamins
Water
Fiber
31
Q

What do proteins do

A

Needed to repair and build many components of the body

32
Q

What do carbohydrates do

A

Provide energy

33
Q

What do fats and oils do

A 
Incelation 
Cushioning 
Storing energy 
Makes things
Source of energy
34
Q

What do minerals do

A

Helps body preform different functions

Needed in small quantities

35
Q

What do vitamins do

A

Play role of tools
Builds and repairs things.
Needed in small quantities

36
Q

What does water do

A

Moistens tissue
Maintains body temperature
All biochemical reactions require water

37
Q

What does fiber do

A

Stimulates large intestine to keep things moving

38
Q

What are the 2 types of carbohydrates

A

Simple and complex

39
Q

What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates

A

Simple: all are sugars. Have a simple molecular structure
Complex: made if several different molecules linked together. Consists of many simple carbohydrates linked together

40
Q

What is the main sugar in food

A

Sucrose

41
Q

Is sugar an essential nutrient

A

No

42
Q

Where is lactose found

A

Dairy

43
Q

Where is fructose mainly found

A

Fruits and vegetables

44
Q

Can cells function without proteins

A

No

45
Q

What are non structural proteins used for

A

Used as tools

46
Q

Are antibodies proteins

A

Yes

47
Q

How many amino acids does our body need

A

20

48
Q

How many amino acids can our body make from scratch

A

10

49
Q

Are fats and oils concentrated sources of energy

A

Yes

50
Q

Does fat have more calories than carbohydrates

A

Fats have about 3 times more , but takes longer to metabolize than carbohydrates

51
Q

Do fats make certain types of vitamins

A

Yes

52
Q

What are all fats composed of

A

An alcohol called glycerol and fatty acids

53
Q

What are fatty acids composed of

A

Long chain of carbon atoms to which hydrogen atoms are attached

54
Q

What are the 2 types of fats

A

Saturated and unsaturated

55
Q

Where do you find each type of fat

A 
Saturated = animals
Unsaturated = plants
56
Q

Which type of fat is healthier

A

Unsaturated

57
Q

What is triglyceride

A

The term for the glycerol and 3 fatty acids

58
Q

What is polyunsaturated

A

Fatty acids found in products from plant sources

59
Q

Do you store water soluble vitamins

A

No

60
Q

Do you store fat soluble vitamins

A

Yes

61
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins

A

A D E K

62
Q

What are the water soluble vitamins

A

B complex and C

63
Q

Do some minerals help maintain a normal heartbeat

A

Yes

64
Q

What are the 2 different types of minerals

A

Macro minerals

Micro minerals

65
Q

What is needed in higher quantities micro or macro minerals

A

Maco minerals

66
Q

Do scientists know how many macro minerals you need

A

No

67
Q

What happens when you loose 10% of water

A

You die

68
Q

Where are water soluble food stuff absorbed

A

Gets absorbed in large intestine and waste parts are eliminated in urine

69
Q

What is peristalsis

A

Muscular movement that pushes food through suggestive track

70
Q

What is emulsify

A

The action to break apart oil or fat

71
Q

What is the purpose of the vili

A

To increase surface area of the mucosa of the intestine

72
Q

What and why breakers down fiber

A

Bacteria breaks down fiber to create B complex vitamins

Science (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions