Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 345A > Opium > Flashcards

Opium Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What is opium derived from?

A

SAP derived from the poppy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between analgesic and Narcotic?

A

Pain relieving vs opium based (anaesthetic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

An example of endogenous (occurring within)

A

Endorphin

how your body does natural pain relief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An example Alkaloids (directly extracted from plant)

A

Morphine, codeine

as is straight out of plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

An example of a semisynthetic?

derivative

A

Oxycodone and Heroin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an example of a synthetic? (structurally different)

A

Methadone

fentanyl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an example of something that exibits euphoria?

something that is an anxiolytic

and something thats effects are used as a medicine?

A

Stimulant

depressant

anti-psychotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Intake of opium (Heroin, Morphine)

A

Oral: mood alleviation, cough suppression

Inhalation: euphoria

Intravenous: euphoria, pain relief
(decrease body temp, pupil constriction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is stage one of injection?

A

0-2 min Rush or flash: intense euphoria

tingling/warmth in lower abdomen resembling sexual orgasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is stage 2 of injection?

A

2-3 hr on the node : tranquil drowsiness

reduction in sexual interest as a result of lowering testosterone levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is stage 4 of injection?

A

4+ hr withdrawl

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Schedule 1
Schedule 2
Schedule 5

example for each

A

1 = heroin

2= morphine, methadone, fentanyl

5= codeine, oxycodone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is demerol?

A

Anaesthetic, “lollipop” used in palliative care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Duragesic?

A

used from chronic pain (analgesia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How much more potent is fentanyl than morphine?

A

100x

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the intake for fentanyl?

A

Oral, transdermal, insufflation

17
Q

what is a endogenous neuropeptides?

A

an enzyme that looks a lot like the opium class of drug

18
Q

Cleavage in endogenous neuropeptides does what?

A

Separates the molecule into separate chains

19
Q

during cleavage of endogenous neuropeptides what is the internal enzymatic action doing?

A

enzyme CYP2D6 converts codeine to morphine

20
Q

during cleavage of endogenous neuropeptides what is the active metabolite?

A

morphine 6 glucuronide

21
Q

what is the secondary effect of the endogenous neuropeptide?

what is it acting on

A

G-protein metabotropic receptor

returns neurons to resting potential sooner by allowing K+ in influx inwards

22
Q

What is a pure agonism?

what is the function and an example?

A

pain relief

fentanyl, morphine

23
Q

What is partial agonism?

example and function

A

pain relief with no respiratory effect

Buprenorphine

24
Q

What is mixed agonism?

example and function

A

treating opioid addiction

naloxone

methadone

25
Q

What is the opium agonistic mechanism?

A

GABA receptor antagonist (ventral tegmental area)- suppression of the inhibitory response on dopamine receptors

Nucleus accumbus
-activation of M opioid receptor that inhibits the GABA neurons (allows dopamine to be released in VTA, and “enhancement” of the dopaminergic response

26
Q

What is the opium inhibitory mechanism?

A

Nociception: sonsory pathways related to pain perception

27
Q

What do the A & C fibers do?

A

Sensory pain signal from receptor to spinal cord

- inhibition of NT’s

28
Q

What does Glutamate and substance P do?

A

sensory pain signal from spinal chord to Thalamus

activation of medulla inhibits NT’s to thalamus

(dulling of blunting of pain)

29
Q

What is the opium tolerance?

A

Dose dependent
accured and relational
-allostatic prinicpals
- selective to analgesia, euphoria, and respiratory depression

30
Q

What are the characteristics of opium withdrawal?

A

Lasts 5-10 days

craving (4/6hr) intensifies at 36-72 hrs

8-12hr:flu like symptoms

48-72hr: pupil dilation, anorexia, piloerection (cold turkey)
spastic arm/;eg movement

90% relapse after withdrawal associated with environment

31
Q

What is the long term(180days) and short term(30 days) detoxification process for opium?

A

methadone or Buprenorphine: agonist or partial agonist

prevents withdrawal, long lasting effectsweak/no euphoria

32
Q

What is the rapid detoxification (10 days) and ultra rapid (2 days) for opium?

A

Naloxone: inverse agonist - binds as an agonist and induces opposite pharmacological response

increases withdrawal symptoms, decreases duration

ultra rapid in conjunction with sedation/anethetized for first few hours

Psych 345A (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions