Cannabis Flashcards
What is the generic name?
Dronabinol
what are the synthetic alternatives?
K2 or spice
emerged from scientific research meant to study effects of the receptors
exhibits stimulant and hallucinogenic properties
what are Phytocannabinoids? What are the characteristics?
Tetrahydrocannabinoid
metabpolites are active
11-hydroxy THC is formed in the liver from THC- most active metabolite
Highly lipid soluble however molecule is protein bound
What is 11-hydroxy THC and where is it formed?
is formed in the liver from THC- most active metabolite
Cannabinoids Potency?
Hashish is more potent than marijuana
2-6x more
What are problems with modern strains of weed?
Show more variability and higher concentration
What is the dose dependent effects of weed?
Light headed, tingling -> euphoric, exhilarated -> calm relaxed
What is the intake characteristics for inhalation of cannabinoids?
1min - 2/4 hrs
only 50% of the THC is released into smoke
- time held in lungs affects absorption
- 20% is absorbed
What is a contact high?
Second hand inhalation can result in psychoactive levels
What is the intake characteristics of ingestion of cannabinoids?
First pass metabolism deactivates by 50%
metabolites still psychoactive but release lesser extent
requires 3x more to achieve comparable high to inhalation
“gatekeeper mechanism”
highly lipid soluble
cannibinoids use what type of agonism?
partial agonism
Partial agonism effects the body in what way?
Endocannabinoid system
Neurotransmitters: anadamide, 2-AG
What is the CB1 receptor involved in?
psychology
What is the CB2 receptor involved in?
protection
manufactured in hippocampus
related to glial cells
What happens if there is a lack of 2-AG?
correlated with bowel cancer
What is the Behavioural effects of THC?
Motor coordination and reaction time
and Amotivational syndrom
What are the characteristics of motor coordination and reaction time in low and high dosages?
Low dose: increase in motor activity and decrease in coordination
High dose: decrease motor activity and decrease reaction time
What are the characteristics of Amotivational syndrome?
Persistent lack of motivation to engage in productive activities
-no real evidence for this
What is the short term memory impairment at low and high dosages?
Low:
memory deficits with no attention impairment
High dosage: memory, reasoning and attention impairment
Cognitive effects of THC on decelerated time?
why does the happen?
it is associated with the “stoned” phase in which the perception of time is slowed down.
reduction in blood flow to cerebellum
causes Temporal disintegration
What is Temporal disintegration?
alteration in perceptions associated with time
Flight of ideas -spontaneous seemingly random ideas
subjectively reported as racing thoughts, through maybe related to vigilance and time perception
cognitive threshold impairment
What are the Long term effects of Cannabinoids?
“gateway” or stepping stone theory
weed will lead to illicit drug use
the alternative is correlated vulnerabilities that drug use is accounted for by the users characteristics
What are the long term effects of cannabinoids when compared to non-users in Verbal fluency and divided attention (perseverating)?
No difference was found when compared heavy users to former heavy users, light users and non users
Cannabinoid Tolerance?
in a study there was an increase from 1 j a day to 19 a day over 21 days (lol)
