Operative Delivery, Dysfunctional Labor, and Dystocia's Flashcards
Where should forceps be placed on the fetal head
Covering the space b/w the orbits and ears
What are contraindications to using vacuum delivery
< 34 wks
Fetal coagulation disorder
Fetal macrosomia
Breech
Why are vacuum deliveries often chosen over forceps
Done w/ less analgesia
Fewer perineal injuries
What are some reasons not to choose vacuum delivery
More scalp lacerations/bruising
More failed deliveries
Increased fetal cephalohematoma
What is the preferred incision type for C-sections
Pfannenstiel
What are some post-op complications that can occur with C-sections
Endomyometritis Wound complications Urinary/GI complication Thromboembolic disorders Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
Def = slower than normal rate of labor
Protraction
Def = complete cessation of progression of labor
Arrest
What is the normal time limit for the latent phase of labor
Nulliparous = 20 hrs Multiparous = 14 hrs
What are 3 causes of prolonged latent phase of labor
Labor w/out substantial dilation
Excessive use of sedatives/analgesics
Fetal malposition
What is the normal dilation that occurs during the active phase of labor
Nulliparous = 1.2 cm/hr Multiparous = 1.5 cm/hr
Active phase arrest is characterized as…
≥ 2 hrs have passed with no more cervical dilation
Def = difficult labor
Dystocia
What are the 3 P’s that cause dystocia’s
Power
Passenger
Passage
What are 2 causes of dystocia d/t power
Poor uterine contractions
Poor maternal expulsive forces
