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Zak, Endo/Repro 2 > Benign Uterus, Cervix, Ovary, and Fallopian Tubes > Flashcards

Benign Uterus, Cervix, Ovary, and Fallopian Tubes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cause of congenital anomalies of the uterus

A

Failure of paramesonephric ducts to fuse

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2
Q

What is the cause of congenital anomalies of the cervix

A

Malfusion of the paramesonephric ducts

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3
Q

What is the most common neoplasm of the uterus

A

Uterine Leiomyoma (Fibroid)

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4
Q

Sx’s = spherical, well-circumscribed, firm lesions with whorled appearance on cut section

A

Uterine Leiomyoma (Fibroid)

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5
Q

What is the most common indication for a hysterectomy

A

Uterine Leiomyoma (Fibroid)

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6
Q

What is the first line Tx for Uterine leiomyomas

A

OCP’s or the ring

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7
Q

Sx’s = menorrhagia, spontaneous/postmenopausal bleeding with thickened endometrial stripe on US

A

Endometrial polyp

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8
Q

How do Nabothian cervical cysts form

A

Squamous metaplasia traps columnar cells beneath them while the columnar cells continue to secrete mucus

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9
Q

Sx’s = opaque with yellow/bluish hue

A

Nabothian cervical cyst

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10
Q

Sx’s = beefy red polyp on cervix that is the most common type and may cause coital bleeding/menorrhagia

A

Endocervical

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11
Q

Sx’s = pale polyp on cervix that may cause coital bleeding/menorrhagia

A

Ectocervical

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12
Q

What are the classifications of endometrial hyperplasia and what is their risk of becoming cancerous

A

Simple w/out atypia = 1%
Complex w/out atypia = 3%
Simple w/ atypia = 9%
Complex w/ atypia = 27%

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13
Q

What are the Sx’s of endometrial hyperplasia

A

Intermenstrual, heavy/prolonged unexplained bleeding

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14
Q

What is the Tx for the different types of endometrial hyperplasia

A

W/out atypia = Progestin

W/ atypia = hysterectomy

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15
Q

Def = cyst lined by granulosa cells and d/t failure of ovarian follicle to rupture

A

Follicular

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16
Q

Def = cyst that develops in CL d/t failure of the CL to regress after 14 days

A

Lutein

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17
Q

Def = cyst caused by hemorrhage into the CL

A

Hemorrhagic

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18
Q

Def = enlarged ovaries with multiple simple follicle cysts

A

PCOS

19
Q

Def = cysts that develop in pts with high serum hCG and are commonly b/l

A

Theca-Lutein

20
Q

How do Theca-Lutein cysts typically disappear

A

Regress after removal of gonadotropin

21
Q

Def = cyst caused by hyperplastic rxn of ovarian theca cells d/t prolonged hCG

A

Luteoma of Pregnancy

22
Q

How does a Luteoma of Pregnancy disappear

A

Regress postpartum

23
Q

What is the main Tx for asymptomatic and premenopausal pts with functional cysts

A

OCP’s

24
Q

What are the 3 types of Epithelial ovarian neoplasms

A

Serous cystadenoma
Mucinous cystadenoma
Brenner tumor

25
Q

What is seen on histology of Serous cystadenomas

A

Psammoma bodies

26
Q

What are mucinous cystadenomas associated with

A

Mucocele of the appendix

Pseudomyxoma peritonei

27
Q

What type of cells make up Brenner tumors

A

Transitional epithelium

28
Q

What are the 3 types of Sex-Cord stromal ovarian tumors

A

Granulosa-Theca cell
Sertoli-Leydig cell
Fibroma

29
Q

What are the Sx’s of Granulosa-Theca cell ovarian tumors

A

Secrete E:
Precocious menarche
Postmenopausal bleeding
Endometrial hyperplasia

30
Q

What are the Sx’s of Sertoli-Leydig cell ovarian tumors

A

Produce androgens:
Virilization
Clitoromegaly

31
Q

What are Fibroma ovarian tumors associated with

A

Meigs syndrome:
Ascites
Hydrothorax
Ovarian fibroma

32
Q

What is the most common type of solid ovarian tumor

A

Fibroma

33
Q

What is the Tx for Sex-Cord stromal ovarian tumors

A

U/l salpingo-oophorectomy

34
Q

What is the most common type of Germ cell ovarian tumor which is also the most common benign ovarian neoplasm in all premenopausal women

A

Benign cystic teratoma (Dermoid cyst)

35
Q

What is the median age of onset of dermoid cysts

A

30 yo

36
Q

What is Rokintansky’s Protuberance

A

Junction between teratoma and normal ovarian tissue where cancers are found

37
Q

What is the Tx of Germ cell ovarian tumors

A

Ovarian cystectomy

38
Q

Def = ovary and fallopian tube twist

A

Adnexal torsion

39
Q

Def = only the fallopian tube twists

A

Isolated torsion

40
Q

What is the Tx for an ovarian torsion

A

Ovarian cystectomy

41
Q

When would you use a salpingo-oophorectomy to Tx an ovarian torsion

A

When the ovary is necrotic

42
Q

Def = fluid filled tubes from previous infection

A

Hydrosalpinx

43
Q

Def = purulent filled tubes from active infection

A

Pyosalpinx

Zak, Endo/Repro 2 (33 decks)

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