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Zak, Endo/Repro 2 > Fallopian Tube and Ovary Pathology > Flashcards

Fallopian Tube and Ovary Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common bacterial cause of acute salpingitis?

A

Gonococcus

Chlamydia

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2
Q

Morph: minute, translucent cysts filed with clear serous fluid that are remnants of the mullerian ducts

A

Paratubal cysts

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3
Q

What fallopian tumor presents as a mass detect via pelvic exam with abnormal discharge, bleeding, and an abnormal Pap smear?

A

Primary Adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tubes

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4
Q

Def: unruptured or quickly sealed graafian follicles

A

Follicle/Luteal cysts

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5
Q

Cysts filled with clear, serous fluid and lined by gray, glistening membrane or yellow tissue

A

Follicle/Luteal cysts

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6
Q

Def: endocrine disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, menstrual abnormalities, polycystic ovaries, chronic anovulation, and decreased fertility

A

PCOS

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7
Q

What is the etiology of PCOS

A

Dysregulation of enzymes involved in androgen biosynthesis

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8
Q

PCOS is associated with an increased risk of _____ and _____

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrial carcinoma

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9
Q

Morph: b/l hypercellular stroma and luteinization of stroma with uniform enlargement of the ovary and a white/tan appearance on sectioning

A

Stromal Hyperthecosis

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10
Q

What are the most common age ranges for benign and malignant epithelial ovarian tumors?

A 
Benign = 20-45 yo
Malignant = 45-65 yo
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11
Q

What is used as a serum marker for epithelial ovarian tumors

A

CA-125

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12
Q

What can decrease the risk of developing serous epithelial ovarian tumors?

A

OCP’s

Tubal ligation

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13
Q

What mutation is associated with serous epithelial ovarian tumors?

A

BRCA1/2

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of low-grade serous epithelial ovarian tumors?

A

Well-differentiated

KRAS, BRA, ERBB2, TP53 mutations

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15
Q

What are the characteristics of high-grade serous epithelial ovarian tumors?

A

Poorly-differentiated

TP53, PIK3CA, RB, BRCA1/2 mutations

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16
Q

Morph: smooth, glistening cyst wall with small papillary projections and presence of psammoma bodies

A

Serous epithelial ovarian tumor

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17
Q

What is an extra-ovarian association with serous epithelial ovarian tumors?

A

Ascited

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18
Q

What mutation is often seen in mucinous epithelial ovarian tumors?

A

KRAS

19
Q

Morph: u/l, multiloculated tumors filled with sticky, gelatinous fluid

A

Mucinous epithelial ovarian tumors

20
Q

Def: extensive mucinous ascites, cystic epithelial implants on peritoneal surfaces, adhesions, and involvement of the ovaries

A

Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

21
Q

What are is the mutation seen in endometrioid ovarian tumors

A

PI3K/AKT

22
Q

Morph: b/l glandular pattern similar to those of endometrial origin

A

Endometrioid ovarian tumor

23
Q

Def: neoplastic epithelial cells resembling urothelium

A

Transitional ovarian tumor (AKA Brenner Tumor)

24
Q

Morph: u/l fibrous stroma marked by sharply demarcated nests of epithelial cells resembling the epithelium of the urinary tract

A

Transitional ovarian tumor/Brenner tumor

25
Q

Morph: b/l unilocular cysts containing hair and sebaceous material with walls made of stratified squamous epithelium

A

Dermoid cysts (Benign/Mature Teratoma)

26
Q

Morph: bulky cyst with smooth external surface and solid on sectioning

A

Immature/Malignant Teratoma

27
Q

What age group are Immature/Malignant teratomas typically seen?

A

~ 18 yo

28
Q

Def: u/l ovarian cyst containing thyroid tissue

A

Struma Ovarii

29
Q

Def: u/l ovarian cyst containing GI tissue

A

Ovarian Carcinoid

30
Q

What mutations are seen in Dysgerminomas

A

OCT-3/4

NANOG

31
Q

Morph: u/l cyst with solid, yellow-white/gray-pink appearance and soft, fleshy feel on cut surface

A

Dysgerminoma

32
Q

Sx’s = ab pain, u/l rapidly growing pelvic mass, elaboration of AFP

A

Yolk sac tumor

33
Q

Morph: Glomerulus-like structure made of central blood vessel enveloped by tumor cells (Schiller-Duval body) and hyaline droplets

A

Yolk sac tumor

34
Q

Morph: u/l encapsulated masses with yellow coloration on cut surface and Call-exner bodies (small, distinctive, gland-like structures filled with acidophilic material)

A

Granulosa cell tumor (Sex Cord-Stromal tumor)

35
Q

What Sx’s are associated with Granulosa cell tumors in children?

A

Precocious puberty

36
Q

What Sx’s are associated with Granulosa cell tumors in adults?

A

Proliferative breast disease
Endometrial hyperplasia
Endometrial carcinoma

37
Q

Granulosa cell tumors have elevated _____ and mutations in _____

A

Inhibin

FOXL2

38
Q

Morph: u/l, solid, encapsulated, gray-white masses covered by glistening, intact ovarian serosa with well-differentiated fibroblasts

A

Fibromas

39
Q

Sx’s = Pelvic mass with pain, ascites, and hydrothorax

A

Fibrothecoma (Meigs syndrome)

40
Q

Fibrothecomas are associated with which syndrome

A

Basal cell nevus syndrome

41
Q

Which tumors produce masculinization or defeminization of women?

A

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors

42
Q

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors have what mutation?

A

DICER1

43
Q

Morph: u/l, solid mass with gray to golden brown appearance on cut surface and a range of cell differentiation

A

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors

44
Q

Def: GI carcinoma that metastasized to ovaries creating b/l masses composed of signet-ring cancer cells of gastric origin

A

Krukenberg tumor

Zak, Endo/Repro 2 (33 decks)

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