Fetal Heart Monitoring

Question 1

Which nerves cause acceleration and deceleration of the fetal heart

Answer 1

Acceleration = SNS
Deceleration = Vagus

Question 2

What is the normal fetal scalp blood pH

Answer 2

7.25-7.30

Question 3

What is the fetal scalp blood pH in acidosis

Answer 3

< 7.20

Question 4

What is the normal rate of contractions in 10 min

Answer 4

≤ 5

Question 5

What are Montevideo units and what value is good

Answer 5

Sum of time that each contraction takes

> 200

Question 6

What is a normal/baseline FHR

Answer 6

110-160 bpm

Question 7

What are 4 causes of bradycardia

Answer 7

Late fetal hypoxia
Obstetric anesthesia
Pitocin
Compressed umbilical cord

Question 8

What are 3 causes of tachycardia

Answer 8

Early fetal hypoxia
Excessive oxytocin
Fetal infections

Question 9

What is the most common cause of tachycardia

Answer 9

Fetal infections (chorioamniotics)

Question 10

What are the classifications of absent, minimal, moderate, and marked baseline variability in FHR

Answer 10

Absent = no amplitude range
Minimal = < 5 bpm change
Moderate/Normal = 5-25 bpm range
Marked = > 25 bpm

Question 11

Decreased variability in the baseline is associated with what two fetal issues

Answer 11

Hypoxia

Acidemia

Question 12

What are 3 causes of accelerated periodic changes in FHR

Answer 12

Fetal movement
Stimulation
Vaginal exam

Question 13

Where does the nadir occur in early decelerations

Answer 13

At peak of contraction

Question 14

Where does the nadir occur in variable decelerations

Answer 14

Before, during, or after contraction starts

Question 15

What shape does a variable deceleration typically make

Answer 15

“V”

Question 16

Where does the nadir occur in late decelerations

Answer 16

After peak of contraction

Question 17

What is a sinusoidal pattern of FHR associated with

Answer 17

Fetal anemia