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Neuro Unit 4 > Olfaction and Taste > Flashcards

Olfaction and Taste Flashcards

1
Q

Macrosmatic

A

animals with a well-developed olfactory system

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2
Q

Microsmatic

A

(Humans) smaller olfactory system

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3
Q

Olfaction in humans functions to

A

distinguish 1000-4000 odors, conjure up memories, emotions, and sexual activity, help taste

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4
Q

Olfactory mucosa

A

columnar epithelium surrounding olfactory neuro-receptors

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5
Q

olfactory neuro-receptors

A

ONLY neurons to communicate with the external environment and undergo constant replacement

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6
Q

olfactory neuro-receptors are replaced every

A

5-8 weeks

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7
Q

Bipolar olfactory neurons have

A

a single dendrite with 5-25 cilia embedded in th eapical mucosa, each cilia has ~40 specific receptors for different odorant molecules

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8
Q

Olfactory axons

A

unmyelinated and also subject to turnover

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9
Q

CN1 enters the braincase via ____________ foramen

A

cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone to terminate on olfactory bulbs

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10
Q

Olfactory bulb

A

processing station, contain 2nd order neurons, called mitral cells

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11
Q

Mitral cells of the olfactory bulb will form the

A

olfactory tract

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12
Q

Olfactory tract projection

A

olfactory bulb posterior to anterior perforated substance

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13
Q

Olfactory tracts fibers can communicate bilaterally by

A

decussating through the ANTERIOR COMMISSURE

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14
Q

Olfactory tract splits into 3 stria:

A

Medial Olfactory stria, Lateral olfactory stria, intermediate olfactory stria

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15
Q

Medial Olfactory stria contains _______ fibers and projects to

A

FEW; septal area –> MFB to hypothalamus, DMN to thalamus, hippocampus, and brainstem

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16
Q

Lateral Olfactory stria contains _______ fibers and projects to

A

MOST; piriform cortex, periamygdaloid cortex, corticomedial portion of the amygdala

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17
Q

Intermediate Olfactory stria contains _______ fibers and projects to

A

Small contingent fibers; perforated substance

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18
Q

Primary Olfactory Cortex consists of

A

Lateral olfactory gyrus, uncus

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19
Q

Lateral olfactory gyrus

A

thin layer of gray matter overlying the lateral olfactory stria

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20
Q

Uncus

A

Prepiriform cortex, Periamygdaloid cortex

21
Q

Primary Olfactory Cortex projects to

A

Amygdala and Olfactory Association Cortex

22
Q

Entorhinal Cortex

A

Olfactory Association Cortex in anterior part of parahippocampal gyrus (Brodman’s area 28)

23
Q

Entorhinal Cortex projects to

A

hippocampal formation, allowing olfactory information into the limbic system

24
Q

Piriform cortex is generally referring to

A

Prepiriform (PRIMARY) and Entorhinal (ASSOCIATION cortex)

25
Taste receptors
specialized epithelial cells in contact with nerve fibers
26
4 basic taste receptors
sweet, sour, salt, and bitter
27
taste receptors are located in ______ which are located in ______
taste buds; papillae
28
40-60 taste receptors/taste bud, replaced every
1-2 weeks
29
fungiform and filiform papillae are found
anterior 2/3 tongue
30
Foliate papillae are found
lateral margins of tongue
31
Circumvallate are found
V-shaped lin 2/3 way back on tongue
32
Taste sensations are carried in 3 CNs:
CN7, CN9, and CN10
33
Facial N.
chorda tympani carries taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue
34
Cell bodies of chorda tympani are located in
geniculate ganglion
35
Glossopharyngeal N.
taste sensation from Posterior 1/3 of tongue
36
Cell bodies of CN9 fibers are located in
inferior glossopharyngeal (petrosal) ganglion
37
Vagus N.
Superior laryngeal n. carries taste sensation for area around epiglottis
38
Cell bodies of CN10 fibers are located in
inferior vagal (nodose) ganglion
39
Solitary Tract
carries taste sensation form CN7, CN9, CN10 to the nucleus of the solitary tract
40
Nucleus of Solitary Tract (NTS) receives information from
SVA (taste) and GVA (PNS) from CN9 and CN10
41
Caudal NTS receives
General Visceral Afferents from CN9 and CN10
42
Rostral NTS receives
Special Visceral Afferents from CN7, CN9, CN10
43
Gustatory nucleus of NTS
ROSTRAL
44
NTS contains
2nd order neurons for taste pathway
45
NTS axons project to
IPSILATERAL VPM of thalamus via the central tegmental tract
46
VPM project to
IPSILATERAL taste cortex
47
Taste Cortex location
insular cortex and medial aspect of frontal operculum
48
Taste Cortex pojects to
orbital cortex and amygdala for higher processing

Neuro Unit 4 (12 decks)

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