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Neuro Unit 4 > Auditory System II > Flashcards

Auditory System II Flashcards

1
Q

Connections of the auditory nerve fibers

A

many collaterals and various decussations throughout all levels

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2
Q

Tonotopic organization

A

auditory neurons are responsive to a specific tonal frequency, this information is mapped throughout the auditory system

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3
Q

Reflexes

A

auditory system is involved in certain reflexes

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4
Q

spiral ganglion neurons are

A

bipolar

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5
Q

Cochlear neuron begins

A

as the fibers exit the modiolus

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6
Q

CN8 enters the brainstem at the

A

pontocerebellar angle

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7
Q

Before synapsing at the cochlear nuclei the cochlear nerve

A

bifurcates and sends one branch to the ventral cochlear nucleus and the other bifurcates again sending a collateral to the ventral cochlear nucleus and 1 to the dorsal cochlear nucleus

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8
Q

Dorsal cochlear nucleus gives off dorsal acoustic stria that project to

A

the contralateral lateral lemniscus

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9
Q

Posterior portion of the ventral cochlear nucleus gives off intermediate acoustic stria that project to

A

the contralateral lateral lemniscus primarily, or bilaterally to the superior olive –> Lateral lemniscus

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10
Q

Anterior portion of the ventral cochlear nucleus gives off ventral acoustic stria that project to

A

ipsilateral superior olive or to the trapezoid body and to the contralateral superior olive –> Lateral lemniscus

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11
Q

Superior olivary complex is composed of

A

medial and lateral superior olivary nucleus and the nucleus of the trapezoid body

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12
Q

What is the first point where auditory information first converges from both sides

A

SUPERIOR OLIVARY COMPLEX

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13
Q

Superior Olivary Complex’s function

A

to analyze the timing and intensity of the auditory stimuli from both ears to LOCALIZE sounds (auditory cortex interprets this info)

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14
Q

Superior Olivary Complex projects

A

bilaterally to the lateral lemniscus

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15
Q

Nuclei of the Lateral Lemniscus

A

communicate via commissures and project to the ipsilateral Inferior colliculus

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16
Q

Inferior colliculus receives input from

A

IPSILATERAL lateral lemniscus and nuclei of lateral lemniscus and BILATERAL superior olivary nuclei

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17
Q

Inferior Colliculus projects to

A

Medial Geniculate Nucleus in the thalamus

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18
Q

Medial Geniculate Nucleus projects to

A

Primary Auditory Cortex

19
Q

The Primary Auditory Cortex is located

A

within the lateral fissure, Brodman’s 41, 42 (tonotopic organization)

20
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Auditory Association Cortex 42, 22 part of temporal gyri

21
Q

Olivocochlear bundle

A

feedback to the Organ of Corti

22
Q

Auditory Sharpening

A

(pre- and post-synaptic inhibition) suppression of background noise via olivocochlear bundle

23
Q

Conduction Deafness

A

sound vibrations do not reach the oval window

24
Q

Bone or air conduction during conduction deafness is better

A

BONE - vibration still travels through temporal bone to activate HCs

25
Q

Causes of Conduction Deafness

A

otosclerosis, otitis media, inflammation to middle ear, ear wax, foreign object

26
Q

Otosclerosis

A

conduction deafness due to fixation of the foot plate of the stapes

27
Q

Sensorineural deafness

A

caused by disease of the cochlea, cochlear nerve or nuclei

28
Q

Causes of Sensorineural deafness

A

prolonged exposure to loud noise, aminoglycosides, aspirin, quinine, streptomycin side effects, acoustic neuroma, diabetes, syphilis, Meniere’s

29
Q

Anacusis

A

absent hearing

30
Q

Hypacusis

A

reduced hearing

31
Q

presbycusis

A

hearing loss associated with aging (bilateral loss of high-frequency tones)

32
Q

Ipsilateral hearing loss

A

damage to CN8 or cochlear nuclei

33
Q

Bilateral hearing loss

A

CNS lesion after synapse within the cochlear nuclei

34
Q

Lesion of primary auditory cortex

A

affected ability to localize sounds in space (difficult to detect)

35
Q

Hearing loss of air conduction

A

damage to outer, middle, or inner ear

36
Q

Hearing loss of bone conduction

A

damage to inner ear indicating a sensorineural deficit

37
Q

Rinne test conduction deafness

A

Bone conduction > Air Conduction

38
Q

Rinne test sensorineural deafness

A

Air conduction > Air conduction

39
Q

Rinne

A

compares air and bone conduction

40
Q

Weber

A

hearing loss between ears

41
Q

Weber Conduction deafness

A

sound is louder in abnormal ear

42
Q

Weber Sensorineural deafness

A

sound is louder in normal ear

43
Q

Audiogram

A

device for measuring tones and frequencies heard by patient

Neuro Unit 4 (12 decks)

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