Oesophageal cancer

Question 1

most common types of oesophageal cancer 2

Answer 1

adenocarcinoma - most common

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 2

where are adenocarcinomas of the oesphagus most commonly found

Answer 2

near the gastrooesephgeal junction (the lower third)

Question 3

where are squamous cell carcinomas of the oesophagus most commonly found

Answer 3

in the upper two thirds of the oesogagus

Question 4

risk factors for adenoncarcinoma of the oesphagus 4

Answer 4

GORD

barrets oesphagus

smoking

obesity

Question 5

risk factors for squamous cell carinoma of the oesophagus 5

Answer 5

smoking

alchol

achalasia

plummer0vinson syndrome

diets rich in nitrosamines

Question 6

features of oesophageal cancer (3 common 4 uncommon)

Answer 6

dysphagia- most common

anorexia and wweight loss

vomiting

others:
-odynophagia (painful swallow)
-hoarness
-melaena
-cough

Question 7

diagnosisi of oesophageal cancer 3

Answer 7

Upper GI endosocpy w biopsy

-consider a barium swallow

endoscopic ultrasound for locoregional staging

CT of CAP for initial staging then PET CT for metaststises

Question 8

treatment for oesophageal cancer 2

Answer 8

surgical resecion if operable
-most common procedure is an ivor-lewis type oesophagectomyy

-adjuvant chemo

Question 9

biggest issue with surgery for oesophageal cancer

Answer 9

risk of anastomotic leak

-with intrathoracici anastomossi resulting in mediastinitis