Ocean Life Zones and Waves

Question 1

Plankton

Answer 1

small organisms that float in fresh/marine water

Question 2

Nekton

Answer 2

swim in open water,independent of currents

Question 3

Benthos

Answer 3

live at bottom of ocean/sea

Question 4

Benthic Envirnonment

Answer 4

Near bottom of ocean floor

Question 5

Pelagic Environment

Answer 5

zone near surface/middle, beyond sublitoral, above abyssal zone

Question 6

Intertidal location

Answer 6

between low tide and high tide limits

twice a day, zone changes with flowing tides

Question 7

Sublittoral location

Answer 7

begins @ low tide limit

extends to edge of continental shelf

Question 8

Bathyal location

Answer 8

edge of continental shelf to abyssal plain

depth- 200m-4000m below sea level

Question 9

Abyssal location

Answer 9

on the abyssal plain

Question 10

Hadal location

Answer 10

floor of ocean trenches

Question 11

Intertidal charateristics

Answer 11

exposed to ocean water and air+sun

organisms must survive water and exposed land

Question 12

Sublittoral charasteristics

Answer 12

temp., water pressure, and sunlight fairly constant

more stable than intertidal zone

Question 13

Bathyal characteristics

Answer 13

lack of sunlight

plant life is scarce

Question 14

Abyssal characteristics

Answer 14

no plants and very few animals
largest ecological zone of the ocean
4000m depth

Question 15

Hadal characteristics

Answer 15

deepest zone (6000-7000m in depth)
little known about it

Question 16

Intertidal organisms

Answer 16

clams, oysters, barnacles, crabs, seaweed, starfish, anenomes

Question 17

Sublittoral organisms

Answer 17

corals, plants, some fish

Question 18

Bathyal organsims

Answer 18

sponges, brachiopods, sea stars, echinoids, octopuses

Question 19

Abyssal organisms

Answer 19

crabs, sponges, worms, sea cucumbers

Question 20

Hadal organisms

Answer 20

type of sponge, few species of worms, type of clam

Question 21

Neritic location

Answer 21

covers continental shelf

shallow

Question 22

Oceanic location

Answer 22

covers entire sea floor except continental shelf

Question 23

Neritic characteristics

Answer 23

warm and shallow
largest concentration of marine life
receives more sunlight

Question 24

Oceanic characteristics

Answer 24

deep- temperature cold and pressure high

organisms spread out

Question 25

Neritic organisms

Answer 25

fish. plankton, other marine animals

Question 26

Oceanic organisms

Answer 26

giant squids, some whale species

Question 27

Wave height

Answer 27

the vertical distance between the crest and the trough

Question 28

Wavelength

Answer 28

the distance between two crests or two troughs

Question 29

Wave period

Answer 29

the time it takes for one wavelength to pass a given point

Question 30

Waves are caused by...

Answer 30

wind and the shape of the ocean floor

Question 31

_______ transfers ________ from air to water molecules through_______

Answer 31

wind transfers energy from air to water molecules through friction

Question 32

Waves of water only move....

Answer 32

up and down, not horizontally

Question 33

Particles in the wave move in a ________ motion

Answer 33

circular motion

Question 34

What is a breaker?

Answer 34

where the bottom of the wave hits the ocean floor and the top keeps moving, forming an arc (wavelength shortens and height increases as bottom of wave interacts with ocean floor)

Question 35

Waves start at an _______ with the wind, and ____________ to become ________ with the shore when breaking

Answer 35

waves start at an angle with the wind, and slow down to become parallel with the shore when breaking

Question 36

Longshore Current

Answer 36

waves strike shore at an angle, causing a current to flow parallel to the shore

Question 37

How do rip tides form?

Answer 37

when a sandbar is broken apart, causing water to rush back to sea

Question 38

What is a tsunami

Answer 38

Waves that form when a large volume of ocean water is suddenly moved up or down- usually generated by an earthquake

Question 39

What causes tides

Answer 39

The pull of gravity between the earth sun and moon

Question 40

Does the sun or moon have a greater influences on the oceans

Answer 40

Moon because it's closer

Question 41

Spring tide

Answer 41

Occurs twice a month at full and new moon Highest high tide and lowest low tide

Question 42

Neap tide

Answer 42

Occurs twice a month at first and last quarter Causes low high tide and high low tide